Conclusion. Post-pandemic epilogue-the bad old contract, an even worse contract or a better social contract for informal workers?
- Alfers, Laura C, Chen, Martha A, Plagerson, Sophie
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C , Chen, Martha A , Plagerson, Sophie
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478183 , vital:78162 , ISBN 9781839108068 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108068.00017
- Description: Since we started working on this book, the world has changed profoundly, calling further into question the fairness and adequacy of current social contracts. For informal workers, the COVID-19 crisis has had devasting economic and social impacts: it has upended livelihoods, accentuated health risks, interrupted schooling and forced many households into deeper debt. Many informal workers live in crowded informal settlements with little or no access to water and sanitation, and limited access to health care. Because informal workers depend on their daily earnings to survive, they face the risk of falling into extreme poverty as a result of government-ordered lockdowns and other economic disruptions. Women informal workers face additional challenges because of their care and domestic responsibilities. The pandemic recession intensified workers’ existing vulnerabilities as many were not able to work indefinitely without any kind of social or financial protection to fall back upon.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C , Chen, Martha A , Plagerson, Sophie
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478183 , vital:78162 , ISBN 9781839108068 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108068.00017
- Description: Since we started working on this book, the world has changed profoundly, calling further into question the fairness and adequacy of current social contracts. For informal workers, the COVID-19 crisis has had devasting economic and social impacts: it has upended livelihoods, accentuated health risks, interrupted schooling and forced many households into deeper debt. Many informal workers live in crowded informal settlements with little or no access to water and sanitation, and limited access to health care. Because informal workers depend on their daily earnings to survive, they face the risk of falling into extreme poverty as a result of government-ordered lockdowns and other economic disruptions. Women informal workers face additional challenges because of their care and domestic responsibilities. The pandemic recession intensified workers’ existing vulnerabilities as many were not able to work indefinitely without any kind of social or financial protection to fall back upon.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
COVID-19 and informal work in 11 cities: recovery pathways amidst continued crisis
- Alfers, Laura C, Braham, Christy, Chen, Martha A, Grapsa, Erofili, Harvey, Jenna, Ismail, Ghida, Ogando, Ana C, Reed, Sarah O, Roever, Sally, Rogan, Michael, Sinha, Shalini, Skinner, Caroline, Valdivia, Marcela
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C , Braham, Christy , Chen, Martha A , Grapsa, Erofili , Harvey, Jenna , Ismail, Ghida , Ogando, Ana C , Reed, Sarah O , Roever, Sally , Rogan, Michael , Sinha, Shalini , Skinner, Caroline , Valdivia, Marcela
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473850 , vital:77687 , https://www.wiego.org/publications/covid-19-and-informal-work-11-cities-recovery-pathways-amidst-continued-crisis
- Description: The majority of the global workforce–61%–is informal and has been disproportionately impacted by measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and by the accompanying economic down-turn. The focus on aggregate job and livelihood losses masks the multiple drivers behind these losses that are leaving labour mar-kets in general, but particularly in developing countries, without a viable path to recovery. The global informal workforce is diverse, and understanding experiences of workers in different contexts and sectors is required to design effective recovery policies. This Working Paper reflects the findings from the longitudinal study of nearly 2,000 informal workers in 11 cities around the world. Sur-veys and in-depth interviews were conducted with domestic workers, home-based workers, street vendors and market traders, and waste pickers in mid-2020 and then again in mid-2021. The findings reveal the differentiated pathways of impact and thus re-covery for different groups of informal workers approximately a year and a half into the pandemic. The study shows that the eco-nomic fallout of the COVID-19 crisis remains deep and persistent for workers at the base of the economy. Key findings include: Earnings for informal workers interviewed are still far below their pre-pandemic levels. Most respondents have not fully recovered their ability to work. By mid-2021, the typical worker was only earning 64% of her/his pre-COVID-19 earnings. In addition, the average number of days worked per week was only four in mid-2021, still considerably lower than the 5.5-day average in the pre-pandemic period.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C , Braham, Christy , Chen, Martha A , Grapsa, Erofili , Harvey, Jenna , Ismail, Ghida , Ogando, Ana C , Reed, Sarah O , Roever, Sally , Rogan, Michael , Sinha, Shalini , Skinner, Caroline , Valdivia, Marcela
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473850 , vital:77687 , https://www.wiego.org/publications/covid-19-and-informal-work-11-cities-recovery-pathways-amidst-continued-crisis
- Description: The majority of the global workforce–61%–is informal and has been disproportionately impacted by measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and by the accompanying economic down-turn. The focus on aggregate job and livelihood losses masks the multiple drivers behind these losses that are leaving labour mar-kets in general, but particularly in developing countries, without a viable path to recovery. The global informal workforce is diverse, and understanding experiences of workers in different contexts and sectors is required to design effective recovery policies. This Working Paper reflects the findings from the longitudinal study of nearly 2,000 informal workers in 11 cities around the world. Sur-veys and in-depth interviews were conducted with domestic workers, home-based workers, street vendors and market traders, and waste pickers in mid-2020 and then again in mid-2021. The findings reveal the differentiated pathways of impact and thus re-covery for different groups of informal workers approximately a year and a half into the pandemic. The study shows that the eco-nomic fallout of the COVID-19 crisis remains deep and persistent for workers at the base of the economy. Key findings include: Earnings for informal workers interviewed are still far below their pre-pandemic levels. Most respondents have not fully recovered their ability to work. By mid-2021, the typical worker was only earning 64% of her/his pre-COVID-19 earnings. In addition, the average number of days worked per week was only four in mid-2021, still considerably lower than the 5.5-day average in the pre-pandemic period.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
COVID-19 and informal work: Evidence from 11 cities
- Chen, Martha A, Grapsa, Erofili, Ismail, Ghida, Rogan, Michael, Valdivia, Marcela, Alfers, Laura C, Harvey, Jenna, Ogando, Ana C, Reed, Sarah O, Roever, Sally
- Authors: Chen, Martha A , Grapsa, Erofili , Ismail, Ghida , Rogan, Michael , Valdivia, Marcela , Alfers, Laura C , Harvey, Jenna , Ogando, Ana C , Reed, Sarah O , Roever, Sally
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473839 , vital:77686 , https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12221
- Description: This article presents the findings for 11 cities across five geographical regions from a study led by Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing, investigating the impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on different groups of informal workers and their households. Detailing impacts on work and income, food and hunger, care and other household responsibilities, and on the coping strategies of informal worker households, the article also compares the roles of government and informal worker organizations in providing relief and other support. Based on worker demands, the authors present guiding principles for a better deal for informal workers going forward.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Chen, Martha A , Grapsa, Erofili , Ismail, Ghida , Rogan, Michael , Valdivia, Marcela , Alfers, Laura C , Harvey, Jenna , Ogando, Ana C , Reed, Sarah O , Roever, Sally
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473839 , vital:77686 , https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12221
- Description: This article presents the findings for 11 cities across five geographical regions from a study led by Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing, investigating the impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on different groups of informal workers and their households. Detailing impacts on work and income, food and hunger, care and other household responsibilities, and on the coping strategies of informal worker households, the article also compares the roles of government and informal worker organizations in providing relief and other support. Based on worker demands, the authors present guiding principles for a better deal for informal workers going forward.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
COVID-19 et travail informel: les enseignements d'une étude sur la situation dans onze grandes villes
- Chen, Martha A, Grapsa, Erofili, Ismail, Ghida, Rogan, Michael, Valdivia, Marcela, Alfers, Laura C, Harvey, Jenna, Ogando, Ana C, Reed, Sarah O, Roever, Sally
- Authors: Chen, Martha A , Grapsa, Erofili , Ismail, Ghida , Rogan, Michael , Valdivia, Marcela , Alfers, Laura C , Harvey, Jenna , Ogando, Ana C , Reed, Sarah O , Roever, Sally
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: French
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473861 , vital:77688 , https://doi.org/10.1111/ilrf.12230
- Description: Les auteurs présentent les conclusions d'une étude dirigée par le réseau Femmes dans l'emploi informel: globalisation et organisation (WIEGO) sur les effets de la crise du COVID‐19 sur les travailleurs informels. L'analyse porte sur quatre professions et onze grandes villes de cinq régions. Il y est question du travail et des revenus, de l'accès à l'alimentation et de la faim, des responsabilités familiales et domestiques, ainsi que des stratégies d'adaptation des ménages. Les auteurs évoquent également les mesures de soutien proposées par les gouvernements et les organisations de travailleurs informels. Enfin, ils énoncent une série de principes devant guider l'action en faveur de ce groupe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Chen, Martha A , Grapsa, Erofili , Ismail, Ghida , Rogan, Michael , Valdivia, Marcela , Alfers, Laura C , Harvey, Jenna , Ogando, Ana C , Reed, Sarah O , Roever, Sally
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: French
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473861 , vital:77688 , https://doi.org/10.1111/ilrf.12230
- Description: Les auteurs présentent les conclusions d'une étude dirigée par le réseau Femmes dans l'emploi informel: globalisation et organisation (WIEGO) sur les effets de la crise du COVID‐19 sur les travailleurs informels. L'analyse porte sur quatre professions et onze grandes villes de cinq régions. Il y est question du travail et des revenus, de l'accès à l'alimentation et de la faim, des responsabilités familiales et domestiques, ainsi que des stratégies d'adaptation des ménages. Les auteurs évoquent également les mesures de soutien proposées par les gouvernements et les organisations de travailleurs informels. Enfin, ils énoncent une série de principes devant guider l'action en faveur de ce groupe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
COVID-19 y trabajo informal: evidencia de once ciudades
- Chen, Martha A, Grapsa, Erofili, Ismail, Ghida, Rogan, Michael, Valdivia, Marcela, Alfers, Laura C, Harvey, Jenna, Ogando, Ana C, Reed, Sarah O, Roever, Sally
- Authors: Chen, Martha A , Grapsa, Erofili , Ismail, Ghida , Rogan, Michael , Valdivia, Marcela , Alfers, Laura C , Harvey, Jenna , Ogando, Ana C , Reed, Sarah O , Roever, Sally
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: French
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473872 , vital:77689 , https://doi.org/10.1111/ilrs.12231
- Description: Se presentan las conclusiones de un estudio dirigido por la red Mujeres en Empleo Informal: Globalizando y Organizando (WIEGO), en el que se investigan las repercusiones de la crisis de la COVID‐19 en diferentes grupos de personas trabajadoras informales y en sus hogares en términos de empleo, ingresos, alimentación y hambre, cuidado y otras responsabilidades domésticas, así como las estrategias de afrontamiento de estas personas. Se comparan los roles de los gobiernos y de las organizaciones de personas trabajadoras informales en la prestación de diversas ayudas. Basándose en las reivindicaciones de estas personas, se plantean principios rectores para mejorar su situación en el futuro.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Chen, Martha A , Grapsa, Erofili , Ismail, Ghida , Rogan, Michael , Valdivia, Marcela , Alfers, Laura C , Harvey, Jenna , Ogando, Ana C , Reed, Sarah O , Roever, Sally
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: French
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473872 , vital:77689 , https://doi.org/10.1111/ilrs.12231
- Description: Se presentan las conclusiones de un estudio dirigido por la red Mujeres en Empleo Informal: Globalizando y Organizando (WIEGO), en el que se investigan las repercusiones de la crisis de la COVID‐19 en diferentes grupos de personas trabajadoras informales y en sus hogares en términos de empleo, ingresos, alimentación y hambre, cuidado y otras responsabilidades domésticas, así como las estrategias de afrontamiento de estas personas. Se comparan los roles de los gobiernos y de las organizaciones de personas trabajadoras informales en la prestación de diversas ayudas. Basándose en las reivindicaciones de estas personas, se plantean principios rectores para mejorar su situación en el futuro.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
Social contracts and informal workers in the global south
- Alfers, Laura C, Chen, Martha A, Plagerson, Sophie
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C , Chen, Martha A , Plagerson, Sophie
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478205 , vital:78164 , ISBN 9781839108068 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108068
- Description: This is an open access work distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported (This is an open access work distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported (https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Users can redistribute the work for non-commercial purposes, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, as detailed in the License. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd must be clearly credited as the owner of the original work. Any translation or adaptation of the original content requires the written authorization of Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.). Users can redistribute the work for non-commercial purposes, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, as detailed in the License. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd must be clearly credited as the rights holder for publication of the original work. Any translation or adaptation of the original content requires the written authorization of Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C , Chen, Martha A , Plagerson, Sophie
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478205 , vital:78164 , ISBN 9781839108068 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108068
- Description: This is an open access work distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported (This is an open access work distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported (https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Users can redistribute the work for non-commercial purposes, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, as detailed in the License. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd must be clearly credited as the owner of the original work. Any translation or adaptation of the original content requires the written authorization of Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.). Users can redistribute the work for non-commercial purposes, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, as detailed in the License. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd must be clearly credited as the rights holder for publication of the original work. Any translation or adaptation of the original content requires the written authorization of Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
Towards a more inclusive social protection: informal workers and the struggle for a new social contract
- Alfers, Laura C, Moussié, Rachel
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C , Moussié, Rachel
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478239 , vital:78167 , ISBN 9781839108068 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108068.00012
- Description: The provision of social protection by the state in the form of social assistance, insurance and services is widely considered to be a key component of a social-justice-oriented social contract–the “implicit social agreement” which establishes the “guiding principles in building economic, social and political institutions”(Behrendt et al. 2019, Hickey 2011). The COVID-19 crisis revealed the extent to which informal workers remain unprotected by these provisions. Their exclusion significantly contributed to the severity of the economic crisis which accompanied the health crisis. At the same time the pandemic has also opened up the political space to (re) negotiate a social contract where protections hold a more central position. This chapter focuses on pre-COVID-19 attempts by organizations of informal workers to engage in dialogue and advocacy to shape such a social contract by transforming spaces for negotiation or creating new spaces for interactions with government at international, national and municipal levels. In doing so it emphasizes the idea of the social contract as less of a static entity than a shifting process of challenge and negotiation (Hickey 2011). The social contract, understood as a process, brings to the fore the question of power–who holds the power to shape the terms of engagement in such processes, who is considered a social actor worthy of having a seat at the table, to what extent do different actors hold the expertise and knowledge necessary to make change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Alfers, Laura C , Moussié, Rachel
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478239 , vital:78167 , ISBN 9781839108068 , https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108068.00012
- Description: The provision of social protection by the state in the form of social assistance, insurance and services is widely considered to be a key component of a social-justice-oriented social contract–the “implicit social agreement” which establishes the “guiding principles in building economic, social and political institutions”(Behrendt et al. 2019, Hickey 2011). The COVID-19 crisis revealed the extent to which informal workers remain unprotected by these provisions. Their exclusion significantly contributed to the severity of the economic crisis which accompanied the health crisis. At the same time the pandemic has also opened up the political space to (re) negotiate a social contract where protections hold a more central position. This chapter focuses on pre-COVID-19 attempts by organizations of informal workers to engage in dialogue and advocacy to shape such a social contract by transforming spaces for negotiation or creating new spaces for interactions with government at international, national and municipal levels. In doing so it emphasizes the idea of the social contract as less of a static entity than a shifting process of challenge and negotiation (Hickey 2011). The social contract, understood as a process, brings to the fore the question of power–who holds the power to shape the terms of engagement in such processes, who is considered a social actor worthy of having a seat at the table, to what extent do different actors hold the expertise and knowledge necessary to make change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
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