Chemical Profiling, Toxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils from Three Grapefruit Cultivars from KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa
- Authors: Miya, Gugulethu , Oyedeji, Opeoluwa , Gondwe, Mavuto , Oyedeji, Adebola
- Date: 2021-6
- Subjects: South Africa Citrus paradisi grapefruit essential oil toxicity anti-inflammatory Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6479 , vital:46408 , ("https://DOI:10.3390/molecules26113387")
- Description: Introduction: This case report discusses the successful use of an improvised bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) apparatus made using items commonly available in a poorly resourced district hospital. Case presentation: A 64-year-old female with no co-morbidities presented with respiratory failure due to pulmonary tuberculosis and was not accepted into the regional Intensive Care Unit (ICU) on referral. She required 8 days of improvised bubble CPAP to maintain adequate oxygen saturation before weaning and eventual discharge. Discussion: Improvised bubble CPAP is commonly used in neonatal care in developing countries and well described in literature however, there are no reports of its successful use in adult patients. In the absence of access to ICU or other Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) equipment, improvised bubble CPAP may provide some therapeutic benefit.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-6
Ursolic Acid and its derivatives as bioactive agents
- Authors: Mlala, Sithenkosi , Oyedeji, Adebola Omowunmi , Gondwe, Mavuto , Oyedeji, Opeoluwa Oyehan
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Noncommunicable diseases , Pentacyclic triterpenoids , Ursolic acid , Clinical trials
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1576 , vital:37793 , https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152751
- Description: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases continue to be threatening and deadly to human kind. Resistance to and side effects of known drugs for treatment further increase the threat, while at the same time leaving scientists to search for alternative sources from nature, especially from plants. Pentacyclic triterpenoids (PT) from medicinal plants have been identified as one class of secondary metabolites that could play a critical role in the treatment and management of several NCDs. One of such PT is ursolic acid (UA, 3 β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid), which possesses important biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant and antibacterial effects, but its bioavailability and solubility limits its clinical application. Mimusops caffra, Ilex paraguarieni, and Glechoma hederacea, have been reported as major sources of UA. The chemistry of UA has been studied extensively based on the literature, with modifications mostly having been made at positions C-3 (hydroxyl), C12-C13 (double bonds) and C-28 (carboxylic acid), leading to several UA derivatives (esters, amides, oxadiazole quinolone, etc.) with enhanced potency, bioavailability and water solubility. This article comprehensively reviews the information that has become available over the last decade with respect to the sources, chemistry, biological potency and clinical trials of UA and its derivatives as potential therapeutic agents, with a focus on addressing NCD.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019