- Title
- Ursolic Acid and its derivatives as bioactive agents
- Creator
- Mlala, Sithenkosi
- Creator
- Oyedeji, Adebola Omowunmi
- Creator
- Gondwe, Mavuto
- Creator
- Oyedeji, Opeoluwa Oyehan
- Description
- Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases continue to be threatening and deadly to human kind. Resistance to and side effects of known drugs for treatment further increase the threat, while at the same time leaving scientists to search for alternative sources from nature, especially from plants. Pentacyclic triterpenoids (PT) from medicinal plants have been identified as one class of secondary metabolites that could play a critical role in the treatment and management of several NCDs. One of such PT is ursolic acid (UA, 3 β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid), which possesses important biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant and antibacterial effects, but its bioavailability and solubility limits its clinical application. Mimusops caffra, Ilex paraguarieni, and Glechoma hederacea, have been reported as major sources of UA. The chemistry of UA has been studied extensively based on the literature, with modifications mostly having been made at positions C-3 (hydroxyl), C12-C13 (double bonds) and C-28 (carboxylic acid), leading to several UA derivatives (esters, amides, oxadiazole quinolone, etc.) with enhanced potency, bioavailability and water solubility. This article comprehensively reviews the information that has become available over the last decade with respect to the sources, chemistry, biological potency and clinical trials of UA and its derivatives as potential therapeutic agents, with a focus on addressing NCD.
- Date
- 2019
- Subject
- Noncommunicable diseases
- Subject
- Pentacyclic triterpenoids
- Subject
- Ursolic acid
- Subject
- Clinical trials
- Type
- text, article
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1576
- Identifier
- vital:37793
- Identifier
- https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152751
- Format
- computer, online resource, application/pdf, 1 online resource (25 pages), pdf
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Language
- English
- Relation
- Molecules, Molecules volume 24 number 15 2019
- Rights
- MDPI, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, unless otherwise stated, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access
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| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details | SOURCE1 | molecules-24-02751 (1) Mlala et al.pdf | 3 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details |