Chemical constituents, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of Leonotis leonurus used in the folklore management of neurological disorders in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Tonisi, Sipho , Okaiyeto, Kunle , Hoppe, Heinrich C , Mabinya, Leonard V , Nwodo, Uchechukwu U , Okoh, Anthony I
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429384 , vital:72606 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-2126-5"
- Description: In the present study, we evaluated the phytochemical compounds and antioxidant properties of chloroform, ethanol and acetone extracts for leaves and flowers of Leonutus leonurus (L. leonurus) alongside with their cytotoxic effects on human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines. The phytochemical compounds present in the leaves and flowers of L. leonurus included; phenolics, flavonoids and alkaloids. Their radicals scavenging effects against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) [ABTS·+], hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide as well as metal chelating activities showed dose-dependent activities. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analyses revealed the presence of important bioactive compounds, which are associated with antioxidant; and the extracts exhibited toxicity effect against HeLa cells. The findings from this study divulge extracts of L. leonurus as prospective sources of antioxidant and anticancer agents; and hence, further study on their neuroprotective potentials becomes imperative.
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- Date Issued: 2020
Assessment of phytochemical constituents, antioxidant properties and cytotoxicity potentials of Leonutis leonurus and Boophone disticha extracts used in the management of Alzheimer’s disease in Hogsback, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Tonisi, Sipho
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medicinal plants Alzheimer's disease
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Microbiology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/14726 , vital:40067
- Description: In this present study, the phytochemical compounds, antioxidant activities, and cytotoxicity potentials of solvent extracts (polar solvents) of Leonotis leonurus (L. leonurus) and Boophone disitcha (B. disticha) commonly used in the management of Alzheimer’s diseases in Hogsback, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa were investigated. The phytochemical compounds were determined by standard protocols of Folin–Ciocalteu method, aluminium chloride colorimetric method as well as Mayer’s and Wagner’s method. The antioxidant capabilities were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. The majority of extracts from both plant species exhibited free radical scavenging potential for oxidants they were tested against viz; DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, ABTS and nitric oxide. They further displayed good reducing potential against ferric iron. The results have shown a concentration-dependent dose of inhibition/scavenging activity (in DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, ABTS and nitric oxide assays) and reducing ability (in ferric reducing assay). However, leaf extracts of L. leonurus displayed ineffective scavenging activity against nitric oxide whereas extracts from L. leonurus flower and B. disticha bulb had higher scavenging potential against the production of nitric oxide radical. The GC-MS profiles of the plants extracts revealed the presence of numerous bioactive compounds that are known to possess excellent anti-inflammatory and most importantly antioxidant properties. Another interesting observation of GC-MS analysis data was the presence of compounds reported to inhibit Acetycholinesterase (AChE), which is a key enzyme targeted in the treatment of Alzheimers’ Disease (AD). The cytotoxicy tests for these extracts were carried out in order to assess the potentential detrimental effects on human health using Alamar Blue assay. It was noted that an increase in the extract concentration of both plant species resulted in a noticeable decline in cell population. These extracts were then declared xix to be quite toxic against HeLa (human cervix adenocarcinoma cells) cells as the cell viability in some extracts was quite low. Hence, toxicity testing of the studied plants’ extracts against normal cells is highly imperative in the future study. The results from this present study scientifically validated the use of the studied plants in folkoric medicine for the management of Alzheimer’s diseases.
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- Date Issued: 2019