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Sibongele Omkhululi

- St. Bedes Theological Seminary Congregation, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Sikhokele Thambo

- Performer Not Specified, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Sikhulule Nkosi

- Khanyisa Church Congregation, Manci, Paul, Father, Dargie, Dave

Sikhulule, Zulu Baba

- Zion Apostolic Holy Church Congregation, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Sikhulule, Zulu-Baba

- Zionist Church Choir, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Silungise, Bawo, thina bantu bakho

- Zionist Church Choir, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Sinelizwi likaThixo

- Zion Apostolic Holy Church Congregation, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Siyabonga = To be thankful

- Mothers Union at Swaziland Diocesan, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave, Hodgson, Janet

Siyabulela

- Zionist Church Choir, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Siyakholwa

- St Bedi's Church Choir, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Siyakudumisa

- Mothers' Union, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave, Hodgson, Janet

Siyakudumisa = We praise you

- Mothers Union at Swaziland Diocesan, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave, Hodgson, Janet

Soft believers and hard unbelievers in the Xhosa cattle-killing

- Peires, Jeffrey B

  • Authors: Peires, Jeffrey B
  • Date: 1986
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6153 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007064 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700023264
  • Description: A substantial minority, perhaps 15 per cent of all Xhosa, refused to obey the prophetess Nongqawuse's orders to kill their cattle and destroy their corn. This divided Xhosaland into two parties, the amathamba (‘soft’ ones, or believers) and the amagogotya (‘hard’ ones, or unbelievers). The affiliation of individuals was partly determined by a number of factors – lungsickness in cattle, political attitude towards the Cape Colony, religious beliefs, kinship, age and gender – but a systematic analysis of each of these factors in turn suggests that none of them was sufficiently important to constitute the basis of either party. The key to understanding the division lies in an analysis of the indigenous Xhosa terms ‘soft’ and ‘hard’. ‘Softness’ in Xhosa denotes the submissiveness of the individual to the common will of the community, whereas ‘hardness’ denotes the determination of the individual to pursue his own ends, even at communal expense. Translated into social terms, the ‘soft’ believers were those who remained committed to the mutual aid ethic of the declining precolonial society, whereas the ‘hard’ unbelievers were those who sought to seize advantage of the new opportunities offered by the colonial presence to increase their wealth and social prominence. The conflict between the social and personal imperatives was well expressed by Chief Smith Mhala, the unbelieving son of a believing father, when he said, ‘They say I am killing my father – so I would kill him before I would kill my cattle.’ Certainly, the division between amathamba and amagogotya ran much deeper than the division between belief and unbelief, and the Xhosa, in conferring these names, seem to have recognized the fact.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1986

Some aspects of the autecology of Rhizoclonuium riparium (Roth) Harv. with special reference to its growth in the maturation ponds of the Grahamstown sewage works

- Snook, Deborah Jane

  • Authors: Snook, Deborah Jane
  • Date: 1986 , 2013-03-11
  • Subjects: Green algae , Marine algae -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:4236 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004724 , Green algae , Marine algae -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Description: During 1982 benthic and floating filamentous algal mats appeared in the maturation ponds of the Grahamstown Sewage Disposal Works. These mats clogged the ponds and reduced the efficiency by which the effluent was purified. As they continued to be a problem despite numerous efforts to remove them, this study was initiated to investigate the alga, establish why it was successful in the pond environment, and how its growth could be controlled. The physico-chemical environment of a representative maturation pond was characterised while laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the growth, photosynthetic and respiratory characteristics in the alga. The alga was identified as Rhizoclonium riparium (Roth) Harv. although its morphological variability was greater than that reported in the literature. Growth and photosynthetic studies indicated that the alga favoured temperatures between 20 and 30⁰C and relatively high light intensity (700μE.m⁻².s⁻¹) and that it was highly productive. In addition, the alga exhibited photoadaptive ability, although it seemed to be sensitive to photoinhibition. Its success in the maturation pond was attributed to the favourable physico-chemical environment, particularly the high transparency of the effluent which allowed the penetration of PAR to the pond floor and to the alga's ability to adapt to the change in environment when it floated from the pond floor to its surface. Although the algal mats contribute to the oxidation of the effuent within the maturation pond, they are generally detrimental to the system because they shade the water column and inhibit wind-induced mixing. Recommendations on methods of controlling of the mats are presented. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1986

Some aspects of the ecology of the Eastern Cape rocky Sandelia Bainsii (Pisces : Anabantidae) in the Tyume River, Eastern Cape, South Africa

- Mayekiso, Monde

  • Authors: Mayekiso, Monde
  • Date: 1986
  • Subjects: Anabantidae , Perciformes , Labyrinth fishes
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5196 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001972 , Anabantidae , Perciformes , Labyrinth fishes
  • Description: This is an account of some aspects of the ecology of the eastern Cape rocky, Sandelia bainsii Castelnau in the Tyume river in the eastern Cape. Previous unpublished work carried out by the Zoology Department of the University of Fort Hare in the mid-seventies indicated that the species was rare in the Tyume river. Because of its uncertain conservation status, its restricted geographic distribution and the lack of information on its biology, demography, feeding and reproductive biology were studied. The species occurs in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Tyume river and is common in rocky , shallow habitats in the middle reaches of the system. The most important threats to the survival of S. bainsii appear to be habitat alteration and alien species. The presence of these threats and the small size of the population suggest that the species may be vulnerable to local extinction. As the total range of the species extends to only a few rivers in the eastern Cape, the species might face extinction if these threats are faced throughout its range. A detailed study on the autecology of S. bainsii was therefore carried out in order to provide a basis for rational conservation and management of the remaining populations of the species.The age structure and the growth rate of S. bainsii was determined using checks on scales and otoliths. Males grow faster and reach a larger size than females. The maximum length of S. bainsii is compared to that of other anabantids. The longevity of males is 5 years and that of females 3 years. Food preferences were determined by three different methods and the indices of relative importance of food items calculated for different length groups and seasons. S. bainsii was found to be an euryphagous and opportunistic predator whose diet consists largely of insects. A considerable overlap was found between the diet of S. bainsii and that of the two alien species, Salmo gairdneri and Micropterus salmoides which indicates a possibility of competition for food. Mark and recapture experiments showed that S. bainsii is a "sedentary " species which is unlikely to be seriously affected by man-made barriers to fish migration, such as weirs. The species reaches maturity during its second growing season (males 80 - 89mm and females 60 - 69mm) and the length at maturity is related to the modal length of males and females. A large proportion of the fish are thus mature at any given time. The fish spawn repeatedly during the summer breeding season, October to February resulting in near continuous recruitment. The possible adaptive value of this habit is discussed. An attempt is made to evaluate the life history style of S. bainsii in terms of the theory of r - and K- selection and altricial and precocial life history styles
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1986

Some geochemical constraints upon models for the crystallization of the upper critical zone-main zone interval, northwestern Bushveld complex

- Eales, Hugh V, Marsh, Julian S, Mitchell, Andrew A, de Klerk, William J, Kruger, Floris J, Field, Matthew

  • Authors: Eales, Hugh V , Marsh, Julian S , Mitchell, Andrew A , de Klerk, William J , Kruger, Floris J , Field, Matthew
  • Date: 1986
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/136044 , vital:37331 , https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1986.050.358.03
  • Description: Ratios between elements Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, V, and Sc are consistently different in mafic rocks of the upper critical zone, and those above the Bastard unit. Within the 300 m section above the Merensky Reef, 87Sr/86Sr ratios increase from c.0.7063 to c.0.7087, irrespective of rock type. Decoupling of Mg/(Mg + Fe2+) ratios and the Ca contents of plagioclase, and wide variations in the proportions of anorthosite within the Bastard, Merensky, and Merensky Footwall units, are inconsistent with anorthosite formation by simple fractional crystallization of magma batches of limited volume.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1986

Somlandela uYesu

- Zion Apostolic Holy Church Congregation, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Speach

- Speaker not specified, Dargie, Dave

Speaker on behalf of St Bede's students

- Speaker not specified, Dargie, Dave

Speaker on behalh of old students

- Makhubu, Victor, Reverand, Dargie, Dave

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