An investigation into second language Learners’ proficiency in Mathematical language
- Authors: Ngibe, Ntsikelelo Hector
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Second language acquisition -- Teaching and learning -- Mathematics Mathematics -- Language -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Ed
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/845 , vital:29936
- Description: The purpose of the study was to investigate second language learner‟s proficiency in mathematical language. The study was conducted using the Grade 12 learners in a senior secondary school in the district of Mthatha, Eastern Cape. The researcher used a case study approach and a questionnaire was used to investigate whether or not learners understood the language rather than to assess their mathematical ability. English was the language in question and used as the medium of instruction (MOI). In this study, aspects of the language used for mathematics are highlighted, the importance of mathematical vocabulary is discussed and reference is made to some recent research concerned with the understanding of mathematical language. The importance of language as a factor in the learning of mathematics is established through a consideration of bilingualism and the writer‟s own research into the understanding of mathematical language. Perhaps the most obvious educational difficulty which students encounter is that of language. Teachers and curriculum planners need to assess whether this is desirable, and to attempt to find ways in which learners in bilingual education programmes can learn mathematics in a meaningful way. Theories on the interaction between language and mathematical thinking, as well as the studies conducted with bilingual students can inform one‟s thinking about this issue. These ideas have important implications for teaching, texts and curriculum development. The study examined some of the above aspects in the context of South African Education.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ngibe, Ntsikelelo Hector
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Second language acquisition -- Teaching and learning -- Mathematics Mathematics -- Language -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Ed
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/845 , vital:29936
- Description: The purpose of the study was to investigate second language learner‟s proficiency in mathematical language. The study was conducted using the Grade 12 learners in a senior secondary school in the district of Mthatha, Eastern Cape. The researcher used a case study approach and a questionnaire was used to investigate whether or not learners understood the language rather than to assess their mathematical ability. English was the language in question and used as the medium of instruction (MOI). In this study, aspects of the language used for mathematics are highlighted, the importance of mathematical vocabulary is discussed and reference is made to some recent research concerned with the understanding of mathematical language. The importance of language as a factor in the learning of mathematics is established through a consideration of bilingualism and the writer‟s own research into the understanding of mathematical language. Perhaps the most obvious educational difficulty which students encounter is that of language. Teachers and curriculum planners need to assess whether this is desirable, and to attempt to find ways in which learners in bilingual education programmes can learn mathematics in a meaningful way. Theories on the interaction between language and mathematical thinking, as well as the studies conducted with bilingual students can inform one‟s thinking about this issue. These ideas have important implications for teaching, texts and curriculum development. The study examined some of the above aspects in the context of South African Education.
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Anti-staphylococcal, anti-HIV and cytotoxicity studies of four South African medicinal plants and isolation of bioactive compounds from Cassine transvaalensis (Burtt. Davy) codd
- Mthethwa, Ningy S, Oyedeji, Bola A O, Obi, Larry C, Aiyegoro, Olayinka A
- Authors: Mthethwa, Ningy S , Oyedeji, Bola A O , Obi, Larry C , Aiyegoro, Olayinka A
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/722 , vital:29661
- Description: Background: Medicinal plants represent an important opportunity to rural communities in Africa, as a source of affordable medicine and as a source of income. Increased patient awareness about safe usage is important as well as more training with regards to traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ethnomedicinal prowess of some indigenous South African plants commonly used in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa for the treatment of skin and respiratory tract infections, HIV and their toxicity potential. Methods: Cassine transvaalensis, Vangueria infausta, Croton gratissimus and Vitex ferruginea were tested for antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). Cytotoxic and anti-HIV-1 activities of plants were tested using MTT Assay (3- (Dimethylthiozole-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)) and anti- HIV-1iib assay. In search of bioactive lead compounds, Cassine transvaalensis which was found to be the most active plant extract against the two Staphylocoous bacteria was subjected to various chromatographic. Thin layer chromatography, Column chromatography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), (1H-1H, 13C-13C, in DMSO_d6, Bruker 600 MHz) were used to isolate and characterize 3-Oxo-28-hydroxylbetuli-20(29)-ene and 3,28-dihydroxylbetuli-20(29)-ene bioactive compounds from C. transvaalensis. Results: The four plants studied exhibited bioactive properties against the test isolates. The zones of inhibition rangedbetween 16 mm to 31 mm for multi-drug resistant staphylococci species. MIC values varied between 0.6 and 0.02 μg/ml. C. gratissimus and C. transvaalensis exhibited the abilities to inhibit HIV-1iib. Two bioactive compounds were isolated from C. transvaalensis. Conclusion: Data from this study reveals the use of these plant by traditional healers in the Eastern Cape. Furthermore, C. transvaalensis and C. gratissimus were found to be more active as against HIV-1iib. While C. transvaalensis was most active against the two Staphylococcus bacteria.
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- Authors: Mthethwa, Ningy S , Oyedeji, Bola A O , Obi, Larry C , Aiyegoro, Olayinka A
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/722 , vital:29661
- Description: Background: Medicinal plants represent an important opportunity to rural communities in Africa, as a source of affordable medicine and as a source of income. Increased patient awareness about safe usage is important as well as more training with regards to traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ethnomedicinal prowess of some indigenous South African plants commonly used in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa for the treatment of skin and respiratory tract infections, HIV and their toxicity potential. Methods: Cassine transvaalensis, Vangueria infausta, Croton gratissimus and Vitex ferruginea were tested for antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). Cytotoxic and anti-HIV-1 activities of plants were tested using MTT Assay (3- (Dimethylthiozole-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)) and anti- HIV-1iib assay. In search of bioactive lead compounds, Cassine transvaalensis which was found to be the most active plant extract against the two Staphylocoous bacteria was subjected to various chromatographic. Thin layer chromatography, Column chromatography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), (1H-1H, 13C-13C, in DMSO_d6, Bruker 600 MHz) were used to isolate and characterize 3-Oxo-28-hydroxylbetuli-20(29)-ene and 3,28-dihydroxylbetuli-20(29)-ene bioactive compounds from C. transvaalensis. Results: The four plants studied exhibited bioactive properties against the test isolates. The zones of inhibition rangedbetween 16 mm to 31 mm for multi-drug resistant staphylococci species. MIC values varied between 0.6 and 0.02 μg/ml. C. gratissimus and C. transvaalensis exhibited the abilities to inhibit HIV-1iib. Two bioactive compounds were isolated from C. transvaalensis. Conclusion: Data from this study reveals the use of these plant by traditional healers in the Eastern Cape. Furthermore, C. transvaalensis and C. gratissimus were found to be more active as against HIV-1iib. While C. transvaalensis was most active against the two Staphylococcus bacteria.
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Challenges facing teachers in implementing alternative measures of discipline in schools: a case study of five secondary schools in the Umzimkhulu circuit of the Sisonke District in Kwazulu-Natal
- Authors: Zulu, Xolani Wycliff
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: School discipline , Secondary schools , Sisonke District -- Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/2393 , vital:41455
- Description: This dissertation is a report on a study that was conducted in rural schools of the Sisonke District in KwaZulu-Natal, a province of South Africa. The study covered the challenges experienced by teachers in implementing the alternative measures of discipline. The study was conducted because the researcher was the head of the disciplinary committee in the school where he was employed and he often dealt with disciplinary problems which usually occurred between the teachers, learners and SMTs. It was important to know from other schools, what problems they faced in implementing the alternative measures of discipline. The study used a qualitative research design in the form of a case study. Purposive sampling was used. The sample comprised 15 SMT members, and 20 post level 1 teachers, and the total number of participants was 35. Data was collected through observations which were followed by interviews. Qualitative methods were used to analyse data. This involved reduction and interpretation of data collected. The findings of the study highlighted the role that could be played by SMTs, teachers, parents, and the Department of Education in the smooth running of the school in dealing with the misunderstandings of alternative measures of discipline and so advance an effective work ethos. The study also illuminated the issue of negligence on the part of SMTs in enforcing the implementation of the alternative measures of discipline. There was a great need for school teachers to be well versed in the general legislation of the Department of Education so as to align themselves with the correct rules and regulations when they deal with disciplinary problems. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Humanities, Educational Management and Policy, 2014
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- Authors: Zulu, Xolani Wycliff
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: School discipline , Secondary schools , Sisonke District -- Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/2393 , vital:41455
- Description: This dissertation is a report on a study that was conducted in rural schools of the Sisonke District in KwaZulu-Natal, a province of South Africa. The study covered the challenges experienced by teachers in implementing the alternative measures of discipline. The study was conducted because the researcher was the head of the disciplinary committee in the school where he was employed and he often dealt with disciplinary problems which usually occurred between the teachers, learners and SMTs. It was important to know from other schools, what problems they faced in implementing the alternative measures of discipline. The study used a qualitative research design in the form of a case study. Purposive sampling was used. The sample comprised 15 SMT members, and 20 post level 1 teachers, and the total number of participants was 35. Data was collected through observations which were followed by interviews. Qualitative methods were used to analyse data. This involved reduction and interpretation of data collected. The findings of the study highlighted the role that could be played by SMTs, teachers, parents, and the Department of Education in the smooth running of the school in dealing with the misunderstandings of alternative measures of discipline and so advance an effective work ethos. The study also illuminated the issue of negligence on the part of SMTs in enforcing the implementation of the alternative measures of discipline. There was a great need for school teachers to be well versed in the general legislation of the Department of Education so as to align themselves with the correct rules and regulations when they deal with disciplinary problems. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Humanities, Educational Management and Policy, 2014
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Degradation of Paracetamol and other constituents in Perfalgan®: subtitle if needed. If no subtitle follow instructions in manual
- Authors: Curran,Catherine
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3165 , vital:43181
- Description: Abstract text. 5.1 Background Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is useful for the treatment of mild to moderate pain as well as being opiate–sparing. In recent years the problem of poor solubility of paracetamol in water has been overcome and an intravenous formulation of paracetamol developed. In South Africa this is marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb as Perfalgan®. Each 500 mg or 1g ampoule of Perfalgan® is recommended for single use only and is to be discarded once opened (Medicines.org, n.d.). This is most likely due to concerns about degradation of paracetamol or other ingredients in the solution once exposed to air and sterility issues. However in South Africa where this drug is expensive, some centers use one ampoule for multiple cases over the course of 12-24 hours. No obvious clinical adverse effects have been reported. 5.2 Objective of study The aim of this study was to examine the practice of using a single vial of Perfalgan® in divided doses over the course of a day for different patients by way of assessing the stability of Perfalgan® on exposure to air. The study has three components, namely: 1. In vitro assessment of paracetamol levels on exposure to air and stressors over time. 2. In vitro assessment of levels of the excipients, namely mannitol and cysteine on exposure to air and stressors over time. 3. Assessment of the lipid permeability of paracetamol in Perfalgan® on exposure to air and stressors over time. C Curran 2014 Degradation of paracetamol and other constituents in Perfalgan® 8 5.3 Methodology High performance liquid chromatography (HPCL-UV) was used to determine the concentration of paracetamol and the presence of degradation products in samples taken at set time periods following exposure of Perfalgan® to air and stressors. Initial work was done using pure paracetamol to determine optimal measurement conditions prior to analysing Perfalgan®. The concentrations of the additives and their degradation products were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR). Appreciable changes in these could indicate a safety hazard or decreased bioavailability. Finally ultraviolet spectroscopy was performed to assess samples at a wider spectrum of wavelengths, instead of the single wavelength used in HPLC. This was used to assess for degradation products which absorb at different wavelengths and therefore may be missed if HPLC was used alone. Ultraviolet spectroscopy was also used to test bioavailability of the drug via the octanol:water partition coefficient under stressed and unstressed conditions. 5.4 Results The paracetamol in Perfalgan® did not degrade on exposure to air over 24 hours. Neither did it degrade on exposure to acid, alkali, oxidative or heat stress. The HPLC retention time was constantly between 3.17-3.29 minutes. 1 H NMR revealed no change in the formulation of Perfalgan® except for the conversion of the oxygen scavenger cysteine to cystine. The octanol:water partition coefficient likewise stayed constant and was in agreement with the value of 0.46-0.49 quoted in the literature (International Programme on Chemical Safety, 2008; McNeil Consumer Healthcare, 2010). 5.5 Conclusion The paracetamol in Perfalgan® did not degrade on exposure to air and other stressors over 24 hours. The formulation as Perfalgan® was likewise found to be stable. The drug retained its lipid permeability over this period. , Thesis (MMED) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2014
- Full Text:
- Authors: Curran,Catherine
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3165 , vital:43181
- Description: Abstract text. 5.1 Background Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is useful for the treatment of mild to moderate pain as well as being opiate–sparing. In recent years the problem of poor solubility of paracetamol in water has been overcome and an intravenous formulation of paracetamol developed. In South Africa this is marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb as Perfalgan®. Each 500 mg or 1g ampoule of Perfalgan® is recommended for single use only and is to be discarded once opened (Medicines.org, n.d.). This is most likely due to concerns about degradation of paracetamol or other ingredients in the solution once exposed to air and sterility issues. However in South Africa where this drug is expensive, some centers use one ampoule for multiple cases over the course of 12-24 hours. No obvious clinical adverse effects have been reported. 5.2 Objective of study The aim of this study was to examine the practice of using a single vial of Perfalgan® in divided doses over the course of a day for different patients by way of assessing the stability of Perfalgan® on exposure to air. The study has three components, namely: 1. In vitro assessment of paracetamol levels on exposure to air and stressors over time. 2. In vitro assessment of levels of the excipients, namely mannitol and cysteine on exposure to air and stressors over time. 3. Assessment of the lipid permeability of paracetamol in Perfalgan® on exposure to air and stressors over time. C Curran 2014 Degradation of paracetamol and other constituents in Perfalgan® 8 5.3 Methodology High performance liquid chromatography (HPCL-UV) was used to determine the concentration of paracetamol and the presence of degradation products in samples taken at set time periods following exposure of Perfalgan® to air and stressors. Initial work was done using pure paracetamol to determine optimal measurement conditions prior to analysing Perfalgan®. The concentrations of the additives and their degradation products were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR). Appreciable changes in these could indicate a safety hazard or decreased bioavailability. Finally ultraviolet spectroscopy was performed to assess samples at a wider spectrum of wavelengths, instead of the single wavelength used in HPLC. This was used to assess for degradation products which absorb at different wavelengths and therefore may be missed if HPLC was used alone. Ultraviolet spectroscopy was also used to test bioavailability of the drug via the octanol:water partition coefficient under stressed and unstressed conditions. 5.4 Results The paracetamol in Perfalgan® did not degrade on exposure to air over 24 hours. Neither did it degrade on exposure to acid, alkali, oxidative or heat stress. The HPLC retention time was constantly between 3.17-3.29 minutes. 1 H NMR revealed no change in the formulation of Perfalgan® except for the conversion of the oxygen scavenger cysteine to cystine. The octanol:water partition coefficient likewise stayed constant and was in agreement with the value of 0.46-0.49 quoted in the literature (International Programme on Chemical Safety, 2008; McNeil Consumer Healthcare, 2010). 5.5 Conclusion The paracetamol in Perfalgan® did not degrade on exposure to air and other stressors over 24 hours. The formulation as Perfalgan® was likewise found to be stable. The drug retained its lipid permeability over this period. , Thesis (MMED) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2014
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Exploring Teacher Assessment Practices in The General Education and Training Level in Junior Secondary Schools in Mthatha Education District
- Authors: Xolile, Stwebile
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/2933 , vital:43116
- Description: This dissertation is a report of the study that was conducted in rural and urban periphery schools of Mthatha City within Mthatha Education District in the Eastern Cape, a province of South Africa. The study explored teacher-assessment practices in two selected junior secondary schools. The utmost purpose was to determine the nature of teacher-assessment practices in these junior secondary schools. This study involved mainly a quantitative research design and later supplemented by qualitative research design. The target population was made up of 63 teachers from both schools. Sampling entailed simple random sampling for quantitative approach and purposeful sampling for qualitative. Instrumentation involved questionnaires and focus group interviews to gather data for these two different research paradigms used. The data was analysed by means of SPSS for quantitative and thematically for qualitative. The results of this study from both instruments were crystallized, and indicated that teachers were grappling with difficulty in strategies and procedures of assessment due to an ever changing curriculum and overload of work. The main findings were: assessment based on content knowledge of learners, negative impact of teacher re-deployment on assessment, stress accumulated by various challenges such as overload of work and frequent curriculum changes as well as lack of data organisation and gathering. The recommendations were: workshops and training programmes on assessment to be provided to teachers; teachers should use various information sources for conducting assessment; more teachers need to be recruited for understaffing and overloading problems as well as pragmatic assessment strategies should be used for learners assessment. Teachers should be included in matters of curriculum changes and be exposed to in-service training. , Thesis (MMED) -- Faculty of Educational Sciences, 2014
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- Authors: Xolile, Stwebile
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/2933 , vital:43116
- Description: This dissertation is a report of the study that was conducted in rural and urban periphery schools of Mthatha City within Mthatha Education District in the Eastern Cape, a province of South Africa. The study explored teacher-assessment practices in two selected junior secondary schools. The utmost purpose was to determine the nature of teacher-assessment practices in these junior secondary schools. This study involved mainly a quantitative research design and later supplemented by qualitative research design. The target population was made up of 63 teachers from both schools. Sampling entailed simple random sampling for quantitative approach and purposeful sampling for qualitative. Instrumentation involved questionnaires and focus group interviews to gather data for these two different research paradigms used. The data was analysed by means of SPSS for quantitative and thematically for qualitative. The results of this study from both instruments were crystallized, and indicated that teachers were grappling with difficulty in strategies and procedures of assessment due to an ever changing curriculum and overload of work. The main findings were: assessment based on content knowledge of learners, negative impact of teacher re-deployment on assessment, stress accumulated by various challenges such as overload of work and frequent curriculum changes as well as lack of data organisation and gathering. The recommendations were: workshops and training programmes on assessment to be provided to teachers; teachers should use various information sources for conducting assessment; more teachers need to be recruited for understaffing and overloading problems as well as pragmatic assessment strategies should be used for learners assessment. Teachers should be included in matters of curriculum changes and be exposed to in-service training. , Thesis (MMED) -- Faculty of Educational Sciences, 2014
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Factors leading to the high failure rate of grade 12 learners in the Ngqeleni area: A case study of two schools in the Ngqeleni area of the Libode mega district, Eastern Cape.
- Authors: Maqokolo, Gideon Zitobile
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3444 , vital:43390
- Description: The study investigated the factors that lead to the high failure rate of grade 12 learners of the two high schools in the Ngqeleni area of Libode Mega District of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The study was qualitative in nature; therefore interviews were used as the method of collecting data. Seven SMT members, four parents and four learners were, randomly selected from the two schools in the Ngqeleni area of Libode Mega District. The researcher randomly selected the participants then interviewed them. The researcher used a video recoder as an instrument to record the responses from the participants. To analyse data, the researcher transcribed the interview responses and interpreted them. The main findings of the study showed that the high failure rate was caused by the following factors: over-croweded classes, shortage of teaching and learnin~ materials, lack of parental involvement, teachers' low morale, poor learner discipline, teachers experiencing problems in implementing government policies, work-load and as such teaching becoming stressful. The researcher in his study therefore recommends that the Department of Education plans more workshops for schools to capacitate them. There should be provision for more classrooms and incentives for teachers. , Thesis (MMED) -- Faculty of Educational Sciences, 2019
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- Authors: Maqokolo, Gideon Zitobile
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3444 , vital:43390
- Description: The study investigated the factors that lead to the high failure rate of grade 12 learners of the two high schools in the Ngqeleni area of Libode Mega District of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The study was qualitative in nature; therefore interviews were used as the method of collecting data. Seven SMT members, four parents and four learners were, randomly selected from the two schools in the Ngqeleni area of Libode Mega District. The researcher randomly selected the participants then interviewed them. The researcher used a video recoder as an instrument to record the responses from the participants. To analyse data, the researcher transcribed the interview responses and interpreted them. The main findings of the study showed that the high failure rate was caused by the following factors: over-croweded classes, shortage of teaching and learnin~ materials, lack of parental involvement, teachers' low morale, poor learner discipline, teachers experiencing problems in implementing government policies, work-load and as such teaching becoming stressful. The researcher in his study therefore recommends that the Department of Education plans more workshops for schools to capacitate them. There should be provision for more classrooms and incentives for teachers. , Thesis (MMED) -- Faculty of Educational Sciences, 2019
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Investigating young children’s knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS pandemic in Libode District of Eastern Cape
- Authors: Xhala, Xolelwa
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: HIV/AIDS(Disease) -- Social aspect Learners -- AIDS-- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Children -- AIDS -- Knowledge and attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Ed
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1290 , vital:30795
- Description: This case study, which was conducted in the Libode District of the Eastern Cape Province, investigated forty (41)) Grade 3 children’s awareness of and the extent of knowledge about HIV/AIDS disease. The study targeted primary school children aged between 5 and 12 years. This investigation assessed the knowledge levels, attitudes and risky perceptions associated with HIV/AIDS among primary school children in order to achieve one major purpose: to help learners acquire adequate basic knowledge that could help them make informed decisions about how to protect their own health and to promote safe behaviours concerning HIV/AIDS. The study was located within children’s concepts of illness theory and children’s rights theory. The findings of my study suggested the HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention interventions that have been implemented since the outbreak of the epidemic have not their stated objectives aimed at reducing infections and children’s feeling of stigma towards their HIV/AIDS infected peers in schools. More worrying is the fact that the results suggested that primary school children lacked the appropriate knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The outcome of this lack of knowledge is that many primary school children have adopted risky behaviours towards the disease. The study recommended that all stakeholders must shift prevention interventions from media-based programmes focussed on adolescents to school-based programmes focused on primary school learners. The literature reviewed and my findings suggested school-based prevention awareness campaigns and inclusion of HIV/AIDS knowledge into school curriculum for all learners might produce better results.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Xhala, Xolelwa
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: HIV/AIDS(Disease) -- Social aspect Learners -- AIDS-- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Children -- AIDS -- Knowledge and attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Ed
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1290 , vital:30795
- Description: This case study, which was conducted in the Libode District of the Eastern Cape Province, investigated forty (41)) Grade 3 children’s awareness of and the extent of knowledge about HIV/AIDS disease. The study targeted primary school children aged between 5 and 12 years. This investigation assessed the knowledge levels, attitudes and risky perceptions associated with HIV/AIDS among primary school children in order to achieve one major purpose: to help learners acquire adequate basic knowledge that could help them make informed decisions about how to protect their own health and to promote safe behaviours concerning HIV/AIDS. The study was located within children’s concepts of illness theory and children’s rights theory. The findings of my study suggested the HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention interventions that have been implemented since the outbreak of the epidemic have not their stated objectives aimed at reducing infections and children’s feeling of stigma towards their HIV/AIDS infected peers in schools. More worrying is the fact that the results suggested that primary school children lacked the appropriate knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The outcome of this lack of knowledge is that many primary school children have adopted risky behaviours towards the disease. The study recommended that all stakeholders must shift prevention interventions from media-based programmes focussed on adolescents to school-based programmes focused on primary school learners. The literature reviewed and my findings suggested school-based prevention awareness campaigns and inclusion of HIV/AIDS knowledge into school curriculum for all learners might produce better results.
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Investigation of the Chemical Nature and Species Distribution of Nitromethane in Inert Solvents
- Authors: Namntu, Vuyokozi
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/2964 , vital:43106
- Description: The solution behaviour of nitromethane in inert solvents; carbon tetrachloride, n-hexane and cyclohexane is rigorously investigated using mainly spectroscopic and computational techniques. Analysis of Proton (1H) and Carbon 13 (13C) NMR spectral data reveal that nitromethane solutions in inert solvents form associated species to varying degrees of complexity. A cyclic dimer is postulated as the energetically most favourable chemical species at low solute concentrations. Infrared spectra studied in the overtone region and UV-Visible spectral data confirm the presence of multiple associated chemical species at different solute concentrations with the degree of association progressively increasing with increase in concentration of the solute. The species involved in the association of nitromethane is formulated as (CH3NO2)2n, where n=0, 1,2 and 3, for the monomer, dimer and higher order polymers respectively. Line-shape analysis of both infrared and UV spectra show the onset of a plateau at molar solute concentrations of 0.616 molar described by the point of inflection in the absorption curve at around 0.055 cm-1 , in the second overtone. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Natural Sciences, 2014
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- Authors: Namntu, Vuyokozi
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/2964 , vital:43106
- Description: The solution behaviour of nitromethane in inert solvents; carbon tetrachloride, n-hexane and cyclohexane is rigorously investigated using mainly spectroscopic and computational techniques. Analysis of Proton (1H) and Carbon 13 (13C) NMR spectral data reveal that nitromethane solutions in inert solvents form associated species to varying degrees of complexity. A cyclic dimer is postulated as the energetically most favourable chemical species at low solute concentrations. Infrared spectra studied in the overtone region and UV-Visible spectral data confirm the presence of multiple associated chemical species at different solute concentrations with the degree of association progressively increasing with increase in concentration of the solute. The species involved in the association of nitromethane is formulated as (CH3NO2)2n, where n=0, 1,2 and 3, for the monomer, dimer and higher order polymers respectively. Line-shape analysis of both infrared and UV spectra show the onset of a plateau at molar solute concentrations of 0.616 molar described by the point of inflection in the absorption curve at around 0.055 cm-1 , in the second overtone. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Natural Sciences, 2014
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Outside city limits: introducing Anton van der Merwe of Starways Arts, in Hogsback, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1012 , vital:30191
- Description: Certain contemporary artists in South Africa choose to live in rural areas rather than in cities. This paper explores some reasons for this preference, and also looks at countercultural back-to-the-earth trends and other factors that may have encouraged some of these artists to prefer to live and work in rural settings. It is against this background that artist Anton van der Merwe is introduced and his early choices of spaces in which to work, both as a potter and painter, are examined. This background serves to contextualise his decision, made in 1992, to move home and studio from Midrand in Gauteng to Hogsback village, in rural Eastern Cape. Hardships were faced, artistic growth has been experienced, and a flourishing visual arts practice has been established by him at Starways Arts. In conclusion, it is noted that involvement in aspects of local community affairs have resulted in widespread mutual benefit.
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- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1012 , vital:30191
- Description: Certain contemporary artists in South Africa choose to live in rural areas rather than in cities. This paper explores some reasons for this preference, and also looks at countercultural back-to-the-earth trends and other factors that may have encouraged some of these artists to prefer to live and work in rural settings. It is against this background that artist Anton van der Merwe is introduced and his early choices of spaces in which to work, both as a potter and painter, are examined. This background serves to contextualise his decision, made in 1992, to move home and studio from Midrand in Gauteng to Hogsback village, in rural Eastern Cape. Hardships were faced, artistic growth has been experienced, and a flourishing visual arts practice has been established by him at Starways Arts. In conclusion, it is noted that involvement in aspects of local community affairs have resulted in widespread mutual benefit.
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Rehabilitation of mental health care users in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Sokhela, N E
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mental health services Mental illiness – South Africa Caregivers – Mental health
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1122 , vital:30608
- Description: Mental Health was controlled by the Mental Health Act which was modified from time to time. The objective of the Act was to treat, care and control. Emphasis was more in control and the protection of the public “Control” was embedded into practices used which included seclusion in single rooms to control unacceptable behaviour, use of mechanical restraints and straight jackets for destructive and violent episodes as well as large doses of tranquilizers. Large wards were used to accommodate patients. Locked doors prevented patients from visiting other wards. Carers were supplied with whistles and keys to enable them to call for help if there was violence. There were very few trained “mental nurses” supported by a high percentage of untrained carers who acted as rehabilitation staff within the wards and environment training patients on maintenance of personal hygiene, cleaning the wards, dishing food and washing dishes after meals. Non-violent patients worked at the laundry to sort dirty linen and pack clean linen. All hospitals have a farm in which vegetables were produced for the hospitals by patients and employees for feeding patients and also for sale to the open market. This enabled some patients to acquire different skills although there was no policy on rehabilitation. Mental health care was provided in mental hospitals divided according to racial groups, all of them closer to cities. Whites had rehabilitation and community services not open to other races. Family contact of most black patients was not frequent and at times not possible because these hospitals were from rural communities from where patients lived. Long-term patients lost contact with their relatives and developed institutionalisation. The lives of most patients were centered around the routine domestic work they performed. Recreation was in the form of walks within the hospital premises, sport by a few patients and staff, music and dance for those whose orientation had improved.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Sokhela, N E
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mental health services Mental illiness – South Africa Caregivers – Mental health
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1122 , vital:30608
- Description: Mental Health was controlled by the Mental Health Act which was modified from time to time. The objective of the Act was to treat, care and control. Emphasis was more in control and the protection of the public “Control” was embedded into practices used which included seclusion in single rooms to control unacceptable behaviour, use of mechanical restraints and straight jackets for destructive and violent episodes as well as large doses of tranquilizers. Large wards were used to accommodate patients. Locked doors prevented patients from visiting other wards. Carers were supplied with whistles and keys to enable them to call for help if there was violence. There were very few trained “mental nurses” supported by a high percentage of untrained carers who acted as rehabilitation staff within the wards and environment training patients on maintenance of personal hygiene, cleaning the wards, dishing food and washing dishes after meals. Non-violent patients worked at the laundry to sort dirty linen and pack clean linen. All hospitals have a farm in which vegetables were produced for the hospitals by patients and employees for feeding patients and also for sale to the open market. This enabled some patients to acquire different skills although there was no policy on rehabilitation. Mental health care was provided in mental hospitals divided according to racial groups, all of them closer to cities. Whites had rehabilitation and community services not open to other races. Family contact of most black patients was not frequent and at times not possible because these hospitals were from rural communities from where patients lived. Long-term patients lost contact with their relatives and developed institutionalisation. The lives of most patients were centered around the routine domestic work they performed. Recreation was in the form of walks within the hospital premises, sport by a few patients and staff, music and dance for those whose orientation had improved.
- Full Text:
Some reflections on two rural potter's cooperatives in the Port St Johns region of the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1001 , vital:30181
- Description: Two potters in the Port St Johns region of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa have been founder members of different visual arts producer’s cooperatives during the 1980s as part of development initiatives aimed at sustainable economic empowerment. These potters are Debora Nomathamsanqa Ntloya of Qhaka village in the Caguba area and Alice Gqa Nongebeza of Nkonxeni village in the Tombo area. They both engaged in zero electricity, using ceramics praxis and used variants of open bonfiring techniques to finish off their works. This article looks at aspects of formation and administration of such potter’s cooperatives, as well as at types of ceramics technology used and resulting works, and also at some marketing strategies and outcomes. It will be seen that these are factors that impact directly on why some such cooperatives are successful for long stretches of time, and others become defunct or dormant. Furthermore, Debora Nomathamsanqa Ntloya is now largely retired from clayworking, and Alice Gqa Nongebeza passed away in 2012, so a question arises as to whether their ceramic traditions will be continued in the years to come.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1001 , vital:30181
- Description: Two potters in the Port St Johns region of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa have been founder members of different visual arts producer’s cooperatives during the 1980s as part of development initiatives aimed at sustainable economic empowerment. These potters are Debora Nomathamsanqa Ntloya of Qhaka village in the Caguba area and Alice Gqa Nongebeza of Nkonxeni village in the Tombo area. They both engaged in zero electricity, using ceramics praxis and used variants of open bonfiring techniques to finish off their works. This article looks at aspects of formation and administration of such potter’s cooperatives, as well as at types of ceramics technology used and resulting works, and also at some marketing strategies and outcomes. It will be seen that these are factors that impact directly on why some such cooperatives are successful for long stretches of time, and others become defunct or dormant. Furthermore, Debora Nomathamsanqa Ntloya is now largely retired from clayworking, and Alice Gqa Nongebeza passed away in 2012, so a question arises as to whether their ceramic traditions will be continued in the years to come.
- Full Text:
Starways Arts: a built environment expressing holistic lifestyles dedicated to visual and performing arts in Hogsback, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/990 , vital:30179
- Description: In 1992, Anton van der Merwe and his life partner Gwyneth Lloyd moved from Randjesfontein Pottery in Midrand, between Johannesburg and Pretoria, to an undeveloped smallholding in the densely forested rural village of Hogsback. The past 22 years have seen an ongoing process of settling down and construction of necessary buildings. This paper seeks to explore aspects of philosophical and architectural influences that served as some of the foundation stones for creation of an eclectic series of buildings, including their home, visual arts studios, a gallery, a community theatre and guest accommodation. A review of these buildings will show that Van der Merwe and Lloyd have developed an idiosyncratic construction style that incorporates alternative technology with empathetic use of natural resources, which results in organically flowing living and working spaces that are fit for purpose, have substantial presence and have minimal environmental impact.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/990 , vital:30179
- Description: In 1992, Anton van der Merwe and his life partner Gwyneth Lloyd moved from Randjesfontein Pottery in Midrand, between Johannesburg and Pretoria, to an undeveloped smallholding in the densely forested rural village of Hogsback. The past 22 years have seen an ongoing process of settling down and construction of necessary buildings. This paper seeks to explore aspects of philosophical and architectural influences that served as some of the foundation stones for creation of an eclectic series of buildings, including their home, visual arts studios, a gallery, a community theatre and guest accommodation. A review of these buildings will show that Van der Merwe and Lloyd have developed an idiosyncratic construction style that incorporates alternative technology with empathetic use of natural resources, which results in organically flowing living and working spaces that are fit for purpose, have substantial presence and have minimal environmental impact.
- Full Text:
Tapping into the World of Terpenoids
- Authors: Oyedeji, A O
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Terpenoids , Terpenes , Medicinal plants -- Analysis
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1111 , vital:30607
- Description: Terpenes are a class of secondary metabolites found in plants and insects (such as termites or swallowtail butterflies). Terpenes are strong-smelling aromatic hydrocarbon which are used by plants/ insects to protect themselves by deterring parasites. They are secondary metabolites synthesized in plants. When a hydrogen or atoms of hydrogen, are replaced by other atoms such as oxygen, in a terpene compound, the terpene becomes a terpenoid (also known as isoprenoids). Terpenoids are a large and diverse class of naturally occurring organic chemicals, derived from five-carbon isoprene units assembled and modified in thousands of ways. They are multicyclic structures that differ from one another not only in functional group but also in their basic carbon skeletons. Terpenoids are found in all classes of living things, and are the largest group of natural products.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Oyedeji, A O
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Terpenoids , Terpenes , Medicinal plants -- Analysis
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/1111 , vital:30607
- Description: Terpenes are a class of secondary metabolites found in plants and insects (such as termites or swallowtail butterflies). Terpenes are strong-smelling aromatic hydrocarbon which are used by plants/ insects to protect themselves by deterring parasites. They are secondary metabolites synthesized in plants. When a hydrogen or atoms of hydrogen, are replaced by other atoms such as oxygen, in a terpene compound, the terpene becomes a terpenoid (also known as isoprenoids). Terpenoids are a large and diverse class of naturally occurring organic chemicals, derived from five-carbon isoprene units assembled and modified in thousands of ways. They are multicyclic structures that differ from one another not only in functional group but also in their basic carbon skeletons. Terpenoids are found in all classes of living things, and are the largest group of natural products.
- Full Text:
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