“It’s like uprooting trees”: responsive treatment for a case of complex post-traumatic stress disorder following multiple rapes
- Van der Linde, Francois, Edwards, David J A
- Authors: Van der Linde, Francois , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6238 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007788
- Description: This systematic case study documents 27 sessions of assessment and treatment with cognitive therapy of Bongi (23)who presented with major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder and borderline traits. Bongi had been raised in a punitive environment, had been raped three times, the first time at age 9, and had been in a series of abusive relationships. The treatment illustrates the importance of therapist responsiveness in addressing this kind of complex presentation, the importance of drawing on case formulation to guide the course of treatment and the range of different interventions that need to be incorporated into an integrative treatment of a complex case. Self-report measures of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress indicators provided evidence that the therapy contributed to positive changes and the qualitative therapy narrative gives details of the nature of some of those changes. Although treatment was not complete when Bongi moved away, Bongi herself judged that the therapy had been a valuable experience which had resulted in her feeling more alive, more confident, and better able to take care of herself.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Van der Linde, Francois , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6238 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007788
- Description: This systematic case study documents 27 sessions of assessment and treatment with cognitive therapy of Bongi (23)who presented with major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder and borderline traits. Bongi had been raised in a punitive environment, had been raped three times, the first time at age 9, and had been in a series of abusive relationships. The treatment illustrates the importance of therapist responsiveness in addressing this kind of complex presentation, the importance of drawing on case formulation to guide the course of treatment and the range of different interventions that need to be incorporated into an integrative treatment of a complex case. Self-report measures of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress indicators provided evidence that the therapy contributed to positive changes and the qualitative therapy narrative gives details of the nature of some of those changes. Although treatment was not complete when Bongi moved away, Bongi herself judged that the therapy had been a valuable experience which had resulted in her feeling more alive, more confident, and better able to take care of herself.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
A new broom sweeps clean: the economic and cultural value of grass brooms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Cocks, Michelle L, Dold, Anthony P
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Dold, Anthony P
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141382 , vital:37967 , DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2004.9752477
- Description: In southern Africa over the last twenty years, much attention has been given to the importance of NTFPs for rural livelihoods through their household consumption and sale. They have been classified as having either subsistence consumption or commercial values. These values are mostly related to their utilitarian functions, but recent studies show that NTFPs also hold strong cultural functions. Such cultural functions can play a role in both rural and urban livelihoods; consequently the values of NTFPs may be related to both utilitarian and cultural functions. This paper demonstrates the cultural functions of grass brooms in urban areas in South Africa and the impact of their trade on income generation in rural areas, and discusses the concept of culture as a significant factor in the understanding of the role of NTFPs in livelihoods, and their values.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Dold, Anthony P
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141382 , vital:37967 , DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2004.9752477
- Description: In southern Africa over the last twenty years, much attention has been given to the importance of NTFPs for rural livelihoods through their household consumption and sale. They have been classified as having either subsistence consumption or commercial values. These values are mostly related to their utilitarian functions, but recent studies show that NTFPs also hold strong cultural functions. Such cultural functions can play a role in both rural and urban livelihoods; consequently the values of NTFPs may be related to both utilitarian and cultural functions. This paper demonstrates the cultural functions of grass brooms in urban areas in South Africa and the impact of their trade on income generation in rural areas, and discusses the concept of culture as a significant factor in the understanding of the role of NTFPs in livelihoods, and their values.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
An RTSP proxy for implementing the IPTV media function using a streaming server
- Shibeshi, Zelalem S, Terzoli, Alfredo, Bradshaw, Karen L
- Authors: Shibeshi, Zelalem S , Terzoli, Alfredo , Bradshaw, Karen L
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429136 , vital:72562 , https://www.informatica.si/index.php/informatica/article/view/383
- Description: Multimedia content delivery in IMS, including IPTV, is handled by a separate unit, the Media Function (MF), made up of media control and media delivery units, which in the case of IPTV are the Media Control Function (MCF) and Media Delivery Function (MDF), respectively. According to the different specifications of an IMS based IPTV architecture, the User Equipment (UE) is expected to use the RTSP protocol as a media control protocol to interact with the MCF, and obtains delivery of media from the MDF using the RTP protocol. This also means that the streaming session needs to be initiated from the media controller on behalf of the user but the delivery of media is sent to the UE from the media deliverer (media server). Due both to the lack of free and open source Media Servers and the availability of free and open source Streaming Servers, the ideal choice for the delivery of multimedia services, including IPTV, by the research community is Streaming Servers. Nevertheless, because of denial of service attacks and other issues, most streaming servers do not allow a different location for the session setup request and the delivery of media in the streaming session. In other words, most streaming servers are not designed to be controlled by some other entity other than the RTSP client that consumes the media. This makes it difficult to have a separate media control unit for IPTV service in IMS if one wanted to use a streaming server as an MDF unit. So, while waiting for streaming servers to work in this manner, it is better to find a work around in order to use streaming servers to develop and test IPTV services in IMS environments. For this purpose we propose another component (an RTSP proxy and relay unit) as part of the IPTV MF and to mediate between the MCF and MDF. This unit correctly relays media control commands from the MCF to the MDF and RTP packets from the MDF to the UE. It also helps in the implementation of other streaming functionalities that are required for IPTV service delivery, but which are not implemented in the current open source streaming servers. Additional services can also be easily implemented with the help of this unit. This will facilitate the development of an IPTV service using readily available open source streaming servers and help researchers to evaluate their proposals on new services they would like to develop. In this paper we show how this RTSP proxy unit can be integrated into the Media Function of the IPTV architecture to ease the media delivery process of an IMS based IPTV service.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Shibeshi, Zelalem S , Terzoli, Alfredo , Bradshaw, Karen L
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429136 , vital:72562 , https://www.informatica.si/index.php/informatica/article/view/383
- Description: Multimedia content delivery in IMS, including IPTV, is handled by a separate unit, the Media Function (MF), made up of media control and media delivery units, which in the case of IPTV are the Media Control Function (MCF) and Media Delivery Function (MDF), respectively. According to the different specifications of an IMS based IPTV architecture, the User Equipment (UE) is expected to use the RTSP protocol as a media control protocol to interact with the MCF, and obtains delivery of media from the MDF using the RTP protocol. This also means that the streaming session needs to be initiated from the media controller on behalf of the user but the delivery of media is sent to the UE from the media deliverer (media server). Due both to the lack of free and open source Media Servers and the availability of free and open source Streaming Servers, the ideal choice for the delivery of multimedia services, including IPTV, by the research community is Streaming Servers. Nevertheless, because of denial of service attacks and other issues, most streaming servers do not allow a different location for the session setup request and the delivery of media in the streaming session. In other words, most streaming servers are not designed to be controlled by some other entity other than the RTSP client that consumes the media. This makes it difficult to have a separate media control unit for IPTV service in IMS if one wanted to use a streaming server as an MDF unit. So, while waiting for streaming servers to work in this manner, it is better to find a work around in order to use streaming servers to develop and test IPTV services in IMS environments. For this purpose we propose another component (an RTSP proxy and relay unit) as part of the IPTV MF and to mediate between the MCF and MDF. This unit correctly relays media control commands from the MCF to the MDF and RTP packets from the MDF to the UE. It also helps in the implementation of other streaming functionalities that are required for IPTV service delivery, but which are not implemented in the current open source streaming servers. Additional services can also be easily implemented with the help of this unit. This will facilitate the development of an IPTV service using readily available open source streaming servers and help researchers to evaluate their proposals on new services they would like to develop. In this paper we show how this RTSP proxy unit can be integrated into the Media Function of the IPTV architecture to ease the media delivery process of an IMS based IPTV service.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Baseline isotope data for Spirodela sp.: nutrient differentiation in aquatic systems
- Hill, Jaclyn M, Kaehler, Sven, Hill, Martin P
- Authors: Hill, Jaclyn M , Kaehler, Sven , Hill, Martin P
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/444502 , vital:74246 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.03.063
- Description: The excessive addition of nitrogen to watersheds is recognized as one of the main causes of the global deterioration of aquatic ecosystems and an increasing number of studies have shown that δ15N signatures of macrophytes may reflect the N-loading of the system under investigation. This study investigated isotopic equilibration rates and concentration level effects of KNO3 and cow manure nutrient solutions on the δ15N and δ13C signatures, C/N ratios, % N and % C of Spirodela sp. over time, to determine the feasibility of their use in monitoring anthropogenic N-loading in freshwater systems. Spirodela δ15N signatures clearly distinguished between nutrient types within 2 days of introduction, with plants grown in KNO3 showing extremely depleted δ15N values (−15.00 to −12.00‰) compared to those growing in cow manure (14.00–18.00‰). Isotopic equilibration rates could not be determined with certainty, but plant isotopic differentiation between nutrient regimes became apparent after 2 days and started to equilibrate by day 4. Concentration level effects were also apparent, with Spirodela tissue displaying more depleted and enriched δ15N values in higher concentrations of KNO3 and cow manure respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Hill, Jaclyn M , Kaehler, Sven , Hill, Martin P
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/444502 , vital:74246 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.03.063
- Description: The excessive addition of nitrogen to watersheds is recognized as one of the main causes of the global deterioration of aquatic ecosystems and an increasing number of studies have shown that δ15N signatures of macrophytes may reflect the N-loading of the system under investigation. This study investigated isotopic equilibration rates and concentration level effects of KNO3 and cow manure nutrient solutions on the δ15N and δ13C signatures, C/N ratios, % N and % C of Spirodela sp. over time, to determine the feasibility of their use in monitoring anthropogenic N-loading in freshwater systems. Spirodela δ15N signatures clearly distinguished between nutrient types within 2 days of introduction, with plants grown in KNO3 showing extremely depleted δ15N values (−15.00 to −12.00‰) compared to those growing in cow manure (14.00–18.00‰). Isotopic equilibration rates could not be determined with certainty, but plant isotopic differentiation between nutrient regimes became apparent after 2 days and started to equilibrate by day 4. Concentration level effects were also apparent, with Spirodela tissue displaying more depleted and enriched δ15N values in higher concentrations of KNO3 and cow manure respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Fig wasps as vectors of mites and nematodes
- Jauharlina, J, Lindquist, E E, Quinnell, R J, Compton, Stephen G, Robertson, Hamish G
- Authors: Jauharlina, J , Lindquist, E E , Quinnell, R J , Compton, Stephen G , Robertson, Hamish G
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452076 , vital:75101 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC119300
- Description: Females of the pollinator fig wasp Elisabethiella baijnathi Wiebes carry mites (Tarsonemella sp. nr. africanus) and nematodes (Parasitodiplogaster sp.) between figs of Ficus burtt-davyi in Grahamstown, South Africa. The mites are phoretic on the outside of the wasps and phytophagous, feeding on galled flowers. The nematodes are transported inside the wasps and eventually eat them. Both mites and nematodes were present throughout the year. The prevalence (fig occupancy rates) of mites and nematodes in different crops ranged between zero and 100 %. Crop size did not influence the prevalence of either mites or nematodes. Contrasting dispersion patterns and relationships with fig wasp foundress numbers indicate that the mites, but not the nematodes, disperse between figs after being carried there by the pollinators, and they may also utilize non-pollinating fig wasps as vectors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Jauharlina, J , Lindquist, E E , Quinnell, R J , Compton, Stephen G , Robertson, Hamish G
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452076 , vital:75101 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC119300
- Description: Females of the pollinator fig wasp Elisabethiella baijnathi Wiebes carry mites (Tarsonemella sp. nr. africanus) and nematodes (Parasitodiplogaster sp.) between figs of Ficus burtt-davyi in Grahamstown, South Africa. The mites are phoretic on the outside of the wasps and phytophagous, feeding on galled flowers. The nematodes are transported inside the wasps and eventually eat them. Both mites and nematodes were present throughout the year. The prevalence (fig occupancy rates) of mites and nematodes in different crops ranged between zero and 100 %. Crop size did not influence the prevalence of either mites or nematodes. Contrasting dispersion patterns and relationships with fig wasp foundress numbers indicate that the mites, but not the nematodes, disperse between figs after being carried there by the pollinators, and they may also utilize non-pollinating fig wasps as vectors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Inferring direct DNA binding from ChIP-seq
- Bailey, Timothy L, Machanick, Philip
- Authors: Bailey, Timothy L , Machanick, Philip
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/439314 , vital:73565 , https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks433
- Description: Genome-wide binding data from transcription factor ChIP-seq experiments is the best source of information for inferring the relative DNA-binding affinity of these proteins in vivo . However, standard motif enrichment analysis and motif discovery approaches sometimes fail to correctly identify the binding motif for the ChIP-ed factor. To overcome this problem, we propose ‘central motif enrichment analysis’ (CMEA), which is based on the observation that the positional distribution of binding sites matching the direct-binding motif tends to be unimodal, well centered and maximal in the precise center of the ChIP-seq peak regions. We describe a novel visualization and statistical analysis tool—CentriMo—that identifies the region of maximum central enrichment in a set of ChIP-seq peak regions and displays the positional distributions of predicted sites. Using CentriMo for motif enrichment analysis, we provide evidence that one transcription factor (Nanog) has different binding affinity in vivo than in vitro , that another binds DNA cooperatively (E2f1), and confirm the in vivo affinity of NFIC, rescuing a difficult ChIP-seq data set. In another data set, CentriMo strongly suggests that there is no evidence of direct DNA binding by the ChIP-ed factor (Smad1). CentriMo is now part of the MEME Suite software package available at http://meme.nbcr.net . All data and output files presented here are available at: http://research.imb.uq.edu.au/t.bailey/sd/Bailey2011a .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Bailey, Timothy L , Machanick, Philip
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/439314 , vital:73565 , https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks433
- Description: Genome-wide binding data from transcription factor ChIP-seq experiments is the best source of information for inferring the relative DNA-binding affinity of these proteins in vivo . However, standard motif enrichment analysis and motif discovery approaches sometimes fail to correctly identify the binding motif for the ChIP-ed factor. To overcome this problem, we propose ‘central motif enrichment analysis’ (CMEA), which is based on the observation that the positional distribution of binding sites matching the direct-binding motif tends to be unimodal, well centered and maximal in the precise center of the ChIP-seq peak regions. We describe a novel visualization and statistical analysis tool—CentriMo—that identifies the region of maximum central enrichment in a set of ChIP-seq peak regions and displays the positional distributions of predicted sites. Using CentriMo for motif enrichment analysis, we provide evidence that one transcription factor (Nanog) has different binding affinity in vivo than in vitro , that another binds DNA cooperatively (E2f1), and confirm the in vivo affinity of NFIC, rescuing a difficult ChIP-seq data set. In another data set, CentriMo strongly suggests that there is no evidence of direct DNA binding by the ChIP-ed factor (Smad1). CentriMo is now part of the MEME Suite software package available at http://meme.nbcr.net . All data and output files presented here are available at: http://research.imb.uq.edu.au/t.bailey/sd/Bailey2011a .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Institutional economics and the environment
- Authors: Fraser, Gavin C G
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:573 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006130
- Description: [From text] What is Institutional Economics? Before delving into the concept of institutional economics, it will be useful to explain what is meant by institutions because institutions in economics have a particular meaning. The most commonly agreed upon definition for institutions is a set of formal and informal rules of conduct that facilitate coordination or govern relationships between individuals or groups. The formal rules include laws, contracts, political systems, organisations, and markets, while the informal rules of conduct consist of norms, traditions, customs, value systems, religions and sociological trends. Institutions provide for more certainty in human interaction (North, 1990) and have an influence on outcomes such as economic performance, efficiency, economic growth and development. They can either benefit or hinder these economic measures. Williamson (2000) noted that new institutional economics operates at both the macro and micro levels. The macro level deals with the institutional environment, or the rules of the game, which affect the behaviour and performance of economic actors and in which organisational forms and transactions are embedded. Williamson (1993) described it as the set of fundamental political, social and legal ground rules that establish the basis for production, exchange and distribution. The micro level analysis known as the institutional arrangement, on the other hand, deals with the institutions of governance. These refer to the modes of managing transaction costs and include issues of social capital, property rights and collective action. Here the focus is on the individual transaction and the questions regarding organisational forms (private property versus common pool resources) are analysed. An institutional arrangement is an arrangement between economic units that govern the ways in which its members can co-operate or compete.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Fraser, Gavin C G
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:573 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006130
- Description: [From text] What is Institutional Economics? Before delving into the concept of institutional economics, it will be useful to explain what is meant by institutions because institutions in economics have a particular meaning. The most commonly agreed upon definition for institutions is a set of formal and informal rules of conduct that facilitate coordination or govern relationships between individuals or groups. The formal rules include laws, contracts, political systems, organisations, and markets, while the informal rules of conduct consist of norms, traditions, customs, value systems, religions and sociological trends. Institutions provide for more certainty in human interaction (North, 1990) and have an influence on outcomes such as economic performance, efficiency, economic growth and development. They can either benefit or hinder these economic measures. Williamson (2000) noted that new institutional economics operates at both the macro and micro levels. The macro level deals with the institutional environment, or the rules of the game, which affect the behaviour and performance of economic actors and in which organisational forms and transactions are embedded. Williamson (1993) described it as the set of fundamental political, social and legal ground rules that establish the basis for production, exchange and distribution. The micro level analysis known as the institutional arrangement, on the other hand, deals with the institutions of governance. These refer to the modes of managing transaction costs and include issues of social capital, property rights and collective action. Here the focus is on the individual transaction and the questions regarding organisational forms (private property versus common pool resources) are analysed. An institutional arrangement is an arrangement between economic units that govern the ways in which its members can co-operate or compete.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Large pollen loads of a South African asclepiad do not interfere with the foraging behaviour or efficiency of pollinating honey bees
- Coombs, Gareth, Dold, Anthony P, Brassine, Eleanor I, Peter, Craig I
- Authors: Coombs, Gareth , Dold, Anthony P , Brassine, Eleanor I , Peter, Craig I
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6509 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005936
- Description: The pollen of asclepiads (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) and most orchids (Orchidaceae) are packaged as large aggregations known as pollinaria that are removed as entire units by pollinators. In some instances, individual pollinators may accumulate large loads of these pollinaria. We found that the primary pollinator of Cynanchum ellipticum (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae), the honey bee Apis mellifera, accumulate very large agglomerations of pollinaria on their mouthparts when foraging on this species. We tested whether large pollinarium loads negatively affected the foraging behaviour and foraging efficiency of honey bees by slowing foraging speeds or causing honey bees to visit fewer flowers, and found no evidence to suggest that large pollinarium loads altered foraging behaviour. C. ellipticum displayed consistently high levels of pollination success and pollen transfer efficiency (PTE). This may be a consequence of efficiently loading large numbers of pollinaria onto pollinators even when primary points of attachment on pollinators are already occupied and doing so in a manner that does not impact the foraging behaviour of pollinating insects.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Coombs, Gareth , Dold, Anthony P , Brassine, Eleanor I , Peter, Craig I
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6509 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005936
- Description: The pollen of asclepiads (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) and most orchids (Orchidaceae) are packaged as large aggregations known as pollinaria that are removed as entire units by pollinators. In some instances, individual pollinators may accumulate large loads of these pollinaria. We found that the primary pollinator of Cynanchum ellipticum (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae), the honey bee Apis mellifera, accumulate very large agglomerations of pollinaria on their mouthparts when foraging on this species. We tested whether large pollinarium loads negatively affected the foraging behaviour and foraging efficiency of honey bees by slowing foraging speeds or causing honey bees to visit fewer flowers, and found no evidence to suggest that large pollinarium loads altered foraging behaviour. C. ellipticum displayed consistently high levels of pollination success and pollen transfer efficiency (PTE). This may be a consequence of efficiently loading large numbers of pollinaria onto pollinators even when primary points of attachment on pollinators are already occupied and doing so in a manner that does not impact the foraging behaviour of pollinating insects.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Mapping the most significant computer hacking events to a temporal computer attack model
- Van Heerden, Renier, Pieterse, Heloise, Irwin, Barry V W
- Authors: Van Heerden, Renier , Pieterse, Heloise , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429950 , vital:72654 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33332-3_21
- Description: This paper presents eight of the most significant computer hacking events (also known as computer attacks). These events were selected because of their unique impact, methodology, or other properties. A temporal computer attack model is presented that can be used to model computer based attacks. This model consists of the following stages: Target Identification, Reconnaissance, Attack, and Post-Attack Recon-naissance stages. The Attack stage is separated into: Ramp-up, Dam-age and Residue. This paper demonstrates how our eight significant hacking events are mapped to the temporal computer attack model. The temporal computer attack model becomes a valuable asset in the protection of critical infrastructure by being able to detect similar attacks earlier.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Van Heerden, Renier , Pieterse, Heloise , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429950 , vital:72654 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33332-3_21
- Description: This paper presents eight of the most significant computer hacking events (also known as computer attacks). These events were selected because of their unique impact, methodology, or other properties. A temporal computer attack model is presented that can be used to model computer based attacks. This model consists of the following stages: Target Identification, Reconnaissance, Attack, and Post-Attack Recon-naissance stages. The Attack stage is separated into: Ramp-up, Dam-age and Residue. This paper demonstrates how our eight significant hacking events are mapped to the temporal computer attack model. The temporal computer attack model becomes a valuable asset in the protection of critical infrastructure by being able to detect similar attacks earlier.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Peat formation in the context of the development of the Mkuze floodplain on the coastal plain of Maputaland, South Africa:
- Ellery, William F N, Grenfell, Suzanne E, Grenfell, Michael C, Humphries, M S, Barnes, K, Dahlberg, S, Kindness, A
- Authors: Ellery, William F N , Grenfell, Suzanne E , Grenfell, Michael C , Humphries, M S , Barnes, K , Dahlberg, S , Kindness, A
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/144354 , vital:38338 , DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.11.009
- Description: This paper examines the geomorphological and sedimentological development of blocked-valley lakes in the Mkuze floodplain on the coastal plain of Maputaland, northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Blocked tributary valley lakes north of the floodplain become progressively shorter, broader, and less linear toward the eastern (downstream) end of the east–west oriented Mkuze floodplain. Clastic sediment forms surface sedimentary fill in tributary valleys in the west, while peat predominates tributary valley fill in the east. Two contrasting adjacent tributary valleys were examined, the more western Yengweni dominated by clastic sediment at the surface, and the more eastern Totweni with peat.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Ellery, William F N , Grenfell, Suzanne E , Grenfell, Michael C , Humphries, M S , Barnes, K , Dahlberg, S , Kindness, A
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/144354 , vital:38338 , DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.11.009
- Description: This paper examines the geomorphological and sedimentological development of blocked-valley lakes in the Mkuze floodplain on the coastal plain of Maputaland, northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Blocked tributary valley lakes north of the floodplain become progressively shorter, broader, and less linear toward the eastern (downstream) end of the east–west oriented Mkuze floodplain. Clastic sediment forms surface sedimentary fill in tributary valleys in the west, while peat predominates tributary valley fill in the east. Two contrasting adjacent tributary valleys were examined, the more western Yengweni dominated by clastic sediment at the surface, and the more eastern Totweni with peat.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Prediction of water temperature metrics using spatial modelling in the Eastern and Western Cape, South Africa
- Rivers-Moore, Nick A, Mantel, Sukhmani K, Dallas, Helen F
- Authors: Rivers-Moore, Nick A , Mantel, Sukhmani K , Dallas, Helen F
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7071 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003947 , http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502012000200002&script=sci_arttext
- Description: Key aspects of a river's temperature regime are described by magnitudes, timing and durations of thermal events, and frequencies of extreme exceedance events. To understand alterations to thermal regimes, it is necessary to describe thermal time series based on these statistics. Classification of sites based on their thermal metrics, and understanding of spatial patterns of these thermal statistics, provides a powerful approach for comparing study sites against reference sites. Water temperature regime dynamics should be viewed regionally, where regional divisions have an inherent underpinning by an understanding of natural thermal variability. The aim of this research was to link key water temperature metrics to readily-mapped environmental surrogates, and to produce spatial images of temperature metrics: 37 temperature metrics were derived for 12 months of sub-daily water temperatures at 90 sites in the Eastern Cape and Western Cape provinces, South Africa. These metrics were correlated with 16 environmental variables. Correlations enabled development of multiple regression models which facilitated mapping of temperature metrics over the study area. This approach has the potential to be applied at a national scale as more thermal time series are collected nationally. It is argued that the appropriateness of management decisions in rivers can be improved by including guidelines for thermal metrics at a regional scale. Such maps could facilitate incorporation of a temperature component into management guidelines for water resources.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Rivers-Moore, Nick A , Mantel, Sukhmani K , Dallas, Helen F
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7071 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003947 , http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502012000200002&script=sci_arttext
- Description: Key aspects of a river's temperature regime are described by magnitudes, timing and durations of thermal events, and frequencies of extreme exceedance events. To understand alterations to thermal regimes, it is necessary to describe thermal time series based on these statistics. Classification of sites based on their thermal metrics, and understanding of spatial patterns of these thermal statistics, provides a powerful approach for comparing study sites against reference sites. Water temperature regime dynamics should be viewed regionally, where regional divisions have an inherent underpinning by an understanding of natural thermal variability. The aim of this research was to link key water temperature metrics to readily-mapped environmental surrogates, and to produce spatial images of temperature metrics: 37 temperature metrics were derived for 12 months of sub-daily water temperatures at 90 sites in the Eastern Cape and Western Cape provinces, South Africa. These metrics were correlated with 16 environmental variables. Correlations enabled development of multiple regression models which facilitated mapping of temperature metrics over the study area. This approach has the potential to be applied at a national scale as more thermal time series are collected nationally. It is argued that the appropriateness of management decisions in rivers can be improved by including guidelines for thermal metrics at a regional scale. Such maps could facilitate incorporation of a temperature component into management guidelines for water resources.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Prediction of water temperature metrics using spatial modelling in the Eastern and Western Cape, South Africa
- Rivers-Moore, Nick A, Mantel, Sukhmani K, Dallas, Helen F
- Authors: Rivers-Moore, Nick A , Mantel, Sukhmani K , Dallas, Helen F
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/438180 , vital:73441 , ISBN 1816-7950 , https://wrcwebsite.azurewebsites.net/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/2651.pdf
- Description: Key aspects of a river’s temperature regime are described by magnitudes, timing and durations of thermal events, and frequencies of extreme exceedance events. To understand alterations to thermal regimes, it is necessary to describe thermal time series based on these statistics. Classification of sites based on their thermal met-rics, and understanding of spatial patterns of these thermal statistics, provides a powerful approach for comparing study sites against reference sites. Water tem-perature regime dynamics should be viewed regionally, where regional divisions have an inherent underpinning by an understanding of natural thermal variability. The aim of this research was to link key water temperature metrics to readi-lymapped environmental surrogates, and to produce spatial images of temperature metrics: 37 temperature metrics were derived for 12 months of sub-daily water temperatures at 90 sites in the Eastern Cape and Western Cape provinces, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Rivers-Moore, Nick A , Mantel, Sukhmani K , Dallas, Helen F
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/438180 , vital:73441 , ISBN 1816-7950 , https://wrcwebsite.azurewebsites.net/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/2651.pdf
- Description: Key aspects of a river’s temperature regime are described by magnitudes, timing and durations of thermal events, and frequencies of extreme exceedance events. To understand alterations to thermal regimes, it is necessary to describe thermal time series based on these statistics. Classification of sites based on their thermal met-rics, and understanding of spatial patterns of these thermal statistics, provides a powerful approach for comparing study sites against reference sites. Water tem-perature regime dynamics should be viewed regionally, where regional divisions have an inherent underpinning by an understanding of natural thermal variability. The aim of this research was to link key water temperature metrics to readi-lymapped environmental surrogates, and to produce spatial images of temperature metrics: 37 temperature metrics were derived for 12 months of sub-daily water temperatures at 90 sites in the Eastern Cape and Western Cape provinces, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Treatment of post traumatic stress disorder following an armed robbery : a case study testing the transportability of trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy to urban Africans
- Drake, B, Edwards, David J A
- Authors: Drake, B , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6225 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007775
- Description: John, an urban African male who developed post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following an armed robbery at the petrol station where he worked, was treated with 12 sessions of Trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy. Intervention involved a combination of psycho-education, prolonged imaginal exposure, cognitive restructuring and behavioural assignments. This article is a systematic case study of his treatment which included a comprehensive narrative and tracking of progress by means of the Post traumatic Diagnostic Scale. John responded well to the treatment, finding it acceptable and credible and remained free of PTSD symptoms at 15 months follow up. It is argued, based on the principles of Elliott’s Hermeneutic Single Case Efficacy Design, that there is evidence from within the narrative that it was the treatment that led to remission of symptoms. This case study demonstrates the cognitive, emotional and behavioural processes underlying John’s PTSD, which fits with those extensively described in the research literature, and that this evidence-based treatment developed in a westernised context is transportable to work with urban Africans.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Drake, B , Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6225 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007775
- Description: John, an urban African male who developed post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following an armed robbery at the petrol station where he worked, was treated with 12 sessions of Trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy. Intervention involved a combination of psycho-education, prolonged imaginal exposure, cognitive restructuring and behavioural assignments. This article is a systematic case study of his treatment which included a comprehensive narrative and tracking of progress by means of the Post traumatic Diagnostic Scale. John responded well to the treatment, finding it acceptable and credible and remained free of PTSD symptoms at 15 months follow up. It is argued, based on the principles of Elliott’s Hermeneutic Single Case Efficacy Design, that there is evidence from within the narrative that it was the treatment that led to remission of symptoms. This case study demonstrates the cognitive, emotional and behavioural processes underlying John’s PTSD, which fits with those extensively described in the research literature, and that this evidence-based treatment developed in a westernised context is transportable to work with urban Africans.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Business Mathematics: AMB 121
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: Business mathematics
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17468 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010283
- Description: Business Mathematics: AMB 121, supplementary examination January/February 2012.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2012-01
- Date: 2012-01
- Subjects: Business mathematics
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17468 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010283
- Description: Business Mathematics: AMB 121, supplementary examination January/February 2012.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2012-01
Business Management: BEC 312
- Fatoki, O O, Rungani, Ellen, Rowles, M, Tait, M
- Authors: Fatoki, O O , Rungani, Ellen , Rowles, M , Tait, M
- Date: 2011-08
- Subjects: Management -- Examinations, questions, etc.
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17432 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010242
- Description: Selected Topics in Financial Management: BEC 312, supplementary examination 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-08
- Authors: Fatoki, O O , Rungani, Ellen , Rowles, M , Tait, M
- Date: 2011-08
- Subjects: Management -- Examinations, questions, etc.
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17432 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010242
- Description: Selected Topics in Financial Management: BEC 312, supplementary examination 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-08
Business Mathematics: AMB 111
- Authors: Funnel, L , Matarirano, O
- Date: 2011-07
- Subjects: Business mathematics
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17470 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010285
- Description: Business Mathematics: AMB 111, supplementary examination July 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-07
- Authors: Funnel, L , Matarirano, O
- Date: 2011-07
- Subjects: Business mathematics
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17470 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010285
- Description: Business Mathematics: AMB 111, supplementary examination July 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-07
Business Mathematics: AMB 111
- Authors: Funel, L , Matarirano, O
- Date: 2011-06
- Subjects: Business mathematics
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17472 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010288
- Description: Business Mathematics: AMB 111, examination June 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-06
- Authors: Funel, L , Matarirano, O
- Date: 2011-06
- Subjects: Business mathematics
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17472 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010288
- Description: Business Mathematics: AMB 111, examination June 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-06
Selected Topics in Financial Management: BEC 312
- Fatoki, O O, Rowles, M, Ellen, Rungani, Tait, M
- Authors: Fatoki, O O , Rowles, M , Ellen, Rungani , Tait, M
- Date: 2011-06
- Subjects: Management
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17448 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010261
- Description: Selected Topics in Financial Management: BEC 312, examination June 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-06
- Authors: Fatoki, O O , Rowles, M , Ellen, Rungani , Tait, M
- Date: 2011-06
- Subjects: Management
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17448 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1010261
- Description: Selected Topics in Financial Management: BEC 312, examination June 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-06
Commercial Law 1B: ACL 121
- Authors: Lubisi, N , Bidie, S S
- Date: 2011-02
- Subjects: Commercial law
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17359 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1009810
- Description: Commercial Law 1B: ACL 121, supplementary examination February 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-02
- Authors: Lubisi, N , Bidie, S S
- Date: 2011-02
- Subjects: Commercial law
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17359 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1009810
- Description: Commercial Law 1B: ACL 121, supplementary examination February 2011.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011-02
A “place in which to cry”: the place for race and a home for shame in Zoë Wicomb's Playing in the Light
- Authors: Dass, Minesh
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142588 , vital:38093 , DOI: 10.1080/1013929X.2011.602910
- Description: In Zoë Wicomb's Playing in the Light, the main character's troubled sense of identity (brought about by her parents' shameful decision to ‘play white’) is viscerally symbolised by her discomfort in her own and others' homes. In her Cape Town apartment she has nightmares about other houses. Her visits to her family home, where her elderly father lives alone, are similarly burdened by presences and memories she finds unwelcoming. And, her extended vacation to the UK, once she has discovered her family's secret, is a choice of “a place in which to cry” (Wicomb 2006: 191).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Dass, Minesh
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142588 , vital:38093 , DOI: 10.1080/1013929X.2011.602910
- Description: In Zoë Wicomb's Playing in the Light, the main character's troubled sense of identity (brought about by her parents' shameful decision to ‘play white’) is viscerally symbolised by her discomfort in her own and others' homes. In her Cape Town apartment she has nightmares about other houses. Her visits to her family home, where her elderly father lives alone, are similarly burdened by presences and memories she finds unwelcoming. And, her extended vacation to the UK, once she has discovered her family's secret, is a choice of “a place in which to cry” (Wicomb 2006: 191).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011