Tourism and trade opennes, and economic development nexus in selected SADC countries
- Authors: Livi, Ondela Olwethu
- Date: 2023-00
- Subjects: Tourism and trade openness
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10172 , vital:74947
- Description: The interplay between tourism, trade openness, and economic development in selected SADC countries holds significant importance in understanding their complex relationships and identifying strategies for sustainable economic growth. This study aimed to investigate this nexus using extensive datasets and robust panel data estimation techniques, specifically employing the Panel ARDL model to examine short and long-run relationships among the variables. The utilization of the Panel ARDL model was deemed appropriate due to its efficiency in providing reliable and robust estimates. The study revealed a strong positive relationship among tourism, trade openness, and economic development within the SADC region. This demonstrates the crucial role these variables play in shaping the development trajectory of the region, influencing economic growth, creating employment, providing education, and ensuring overall economic development. Based on these findings, several potential policy implications can be drawn. Firstly, SADC countries should prioritize trade liberalization to solidify the benefits derived from trade within the bloc. Additionally, strengthening policies such as the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) can contribute to enhanced economic development within the SADC region. Lastly, it is recommended that government officials and relevant authorities in the selected SADC countries implement tourism promotion strategies to emphasize the integration of tourism development programs, recognizing the significant impact of sustainable tourism on economic growth. These policy implications aim to provide guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in the SADC region to capitalize on the positive relationship between tourism, trade openness, and economic development, and ultimately foster sustainable economic growth and development in the region. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economic and Financial Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-00
- Authors: Livi, Ondela Olwethu
- Date: 2023-00
- Subjects: Tourism and trade openness
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10172 , vital:74947
- Description: The interplay between tourism, trade openness, and economic development in selected SADC countries holds significant importance in understanding their complex relationships and identifying strategies for sustainable economic growth. This study aimed to investigate this nexus using extensive datasets and robust panel data estimation techniques, specifically employing the Panel ARDL model to examine short and long-run relationships among the variables. The utilization of the Panel ARDL model was deemed appropriate due to its efficiency in providing reliable and robust estimates. The study revealed a strong positive relationship among tourism, trade openness, and economic development within the SADC region. This demonstrates the crucial role these variables play in shaping the development trajectory of the region, influencing economic growth, creating employment, providing education, and ensuring overall economic development. Based on these findings, several potential policy implications can be drawn. Firstly, SADC countries should prioritize trade liberalization to solidify the benefits derived from trade within the bloc. Additionally, strengthening policies such as the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) can contribute to enhanced economic development within the SADC region. Lastly, it is recommended that government officials and relevant authorities in the selected SADC countries implement tourism promotion strategies to emphasize the integration of tourism development programs, recognizing the significant impact of sustainable tourism on economic growth. These policy implications aim to provide guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in the SADC region to capitalize on the positive relationship between tourism, trade openness, and economic development, and ultimately foster sustainable economic growth and development in the region. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economic and Financial Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-00
Health Expenditure and Economic Performance in Selected Southern African Development Community (SADC) Countries
- Authors: Qoko, Alungile
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Expenditure and economic performance
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10235 , vital:74951
- Description: The study examined the relationship between health expenditure and economic performance in 14 Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries using annual panel data for the period of 15 years (2005-2019). Economic performance was the dependent variable with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita used as the proxy for economic performance. The other determinants of economic performance used in this study include labour force participation rate, institutional quality, and trade openness. All variables were examined logged to eliminate possibility of outliers. To test for stationarity of the series, the study employed two panel unit root tests which are the Levin, Lien and Chu (2002) commonly known as LLC, and also Im, Pesaran and Shin (2003) popularly known as IPS. The finding revealed that the series were integrated of different orders including I(0) and I(1) but not I(2). To test for a long-run relationship, Pedroni and Kao panel cointegration tests were carried out. The findings revealed there was cointegration. Based on these findings, panel auto regressive sistributed lag (ARDL), using Pooled Mean Group analysis as the best estimator for the model, was chosen to test for both long-run and short-run relationships. The empirical findings showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between health expenditure and economic performance in the 14 selected SADC countries. Governments in the SADC region should enact and enforce laws that deal with leakages in the health sector to ensure that health expenditure improves economic performance. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economics and Finacial Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-00
- Authors: Qoko, Alungile
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Expenditure and economic performance
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10235 , vital:74951
- Description: The study examined the relationship between health expenditure and economic performance in 14 Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries using annual panel data for the period of 15 years (2005-2019). Economic performance was the dependent variable with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita used as the proxy for economic performance. The other determinants of economic performance used in this study include labour force participation rate, institutional quality, and trade openness. All variables were examined logged to eliminate possibility of outliers. To test for stationarity of the series, the study employed two panel unit root tests which are the Levin, Lien and Chu (2002) commonly known as LLC, and also Im, Pesaran and Shin (2003) popularly known as IPS. The finding revealed that the series were integrated of different orders including I(0) and I(1) but not I(2). To test for a long-run relationship, Pedroni and Kao panel cointegration tests were carried out. The findings revealed there was cointegration. Based on these findings, panel auto regressive sistributed lag (ARDL), using Pooled Mean Group analysis as the best estimator for the model, was chosen to test for both long-run and short-run relationships. The empirical findings showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between health expenditure and economic performance in the 14 selected SADC countries. Governments in the SADC region should enact and enforce laws that deal with leakages in the health sector to ensure that health expenditure improves economic performance. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economics and Finacial Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-00
The relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa
- Authors: Lefatsa, Palesa Milliscent
- Date: 2021-00
- Subjects: Commerce in Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10262 , vital:74952
- Description: The study empirically examined the relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa for the period 1980 to 2018. To achieve this objective, the study employed an autoregressive distributed lag bounds technique and Granger causality tests. Financial development, industrialisation, and urbanisation displayed a positive and significant relationship with energy consumption, both in the short run and long run. Economic growth was positive but not significant in the shortrun and long-run. Granger causality test results displayed a unidirectional causality running from financial development and industrialisation to energy consumption. This is in favour of an alternative hypothesis, meaning there is a relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa. This study recommends policies that will allow financial development to stimulate clean energy consumption while considering increases in electricity consumption. The South African government must introduce new financial policies to enhance the process of capitalisation and produce sound energy infrastructure and introduce investments in renewable energy sources to safeguard against carbon emissions. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economics and Financial Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-00
- Authors: Lefatsa, Palesa Milliscent
- Date: 2021-00
- Subjects: Commerce in Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10262 , vital:74952
- Description: The study empirically examined the relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa for the period 1980 to 2018. To achieve this objective, the study employed an autoregressive distributed lag bounds technique and Granger causality tests. Financial development, industrialisation, and urbanisation displayed a positive and significant relationship with energy consumption, both in the short run and long run. Economic growth was positive but not significant in the shortrun and long-run. Granger causality test results displayed a unidirectional causality running from financial development and industrialisation to energy consumption. This is in favour of an alternative hypothesis, meaning there is a relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa. This study recommends policies that will allow financial development to stimulate clean energy consumption while considering increases in electricity consumption. The South African government must introduce new financial policies to enhance the process of capitalisation and produce sound energy infrastructure and introduce investments in renewable energy sources to safeguard against carbon emissions. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economics and Financial Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-00
The relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa
- Authors: Lefatsa, Palesa Milliscent
- Date: 2021-00
- Subjects: Commerce in Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10192 , vital:74948
- Description: The study empirically examined the relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa for the period 1980 to 2018. To achieve this objective, the study employed an autoregressive distributed lag bounds technique and Granger causality tests. Financial development, industrialisation, and urbanisation displayed a positive and significant relationship with energy consumption, both in the short run and long run. Economic growth was positive but not significant in the shortrun and long-run. Granger causality test results displayed a unidirectional causality running from financial development and industrialisation to energy consumption. This is in favour of an alternative hypothesis, meaning there is a relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa. This study recommends policies that will allow financial development to stimulate clean energy consumption while considering increases in electricity consumption. The South African government must introduce new financial policies to enhance the process of capitalisation and produce sound energy infrastructure and introduce investments in renewable energy sources to safeguard against carbon emissions. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economics and Financial Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-00
- Authors: Lefatsa, Palesa Milliscent
- Date: 2021-00
- Subjects: Commerce in Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10192 , vital:74948
- Description: The study empirically examined the relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa for the period 1980 to 2018. To achieve this objective, the study employed an autoregressive distributed lag bounds technique and Granger causality tests. Financial development, industrialisation, and urbanisation displayed a positive and significant relationship with energy consumption, both in the short run and long run. Economic growth was positive but not significant in the shortrun and long-run. Granger causality test results displayed a unidirectional causality running from financial development and industrialisation to energy consumption. This is in favour of an alternative hypothesis, meaning there is a relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa. This study recommends policies that will allow financial development to stimulate clean energy consumption while considering increases in electricity consumption. The South African government must introduce new financial policies to enhance the process of capitalisation and produce sound energy infrastructure and introduce investments in renewable energy sources to safeguard against carbon emissions. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economics and Financial Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-00
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