A relevant intervention on nutrition transition among Isixhosa speaking people in Nelson Mandela Bay
- Authors: Fordjour Afriyie, Vera
- Date: 2024-12
- Subjects: Nutrition -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Nutrition -- Social aspects , Xhosa (African people) -- Nutrition
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69760 , vital:78026
- Description: The nutrition transition, characterised by a shift from traditional, nutrient-dense diets to Westernised, energy-dense, and nutrient-poor diets, has significant health implications globally. In South Africa (SA), particularly among the isiXhosa-speaking population in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB), this transition has led to the dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition, increasing the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity and diabetes. Despite the prevalence of this nutrition phenomenon, limited research has explored the perceptions of nutrition transition among South African communities, although there is literature about the transition itself. Most studies on the research subject were undertaken in Asian and European countries and America. Generally, studies regarding the nutrition transition emphasise the importance of early public health interventions to prevent the transition from reaching critical levels. This research study aimed to answer the question: How do isiXhosa-speaking people in NMB perceive nutritional transition, and what are their knowledge and practices concerning traditional foods? This study’s primary aim was to identify and evaluate the NMB isiXhosa-speaking population’s perceptions regarding nutrition transition and their knowledge and practices concerning traditional foods. Subsequently, the study aimed to develop and test an educational intervention to promote traditional African diets and mitigate the adverse effects of nutrition transition. The researcher employed a multi-method approach, encompassing quantitative and qualitative methods and an exploratory, descriptive, and contextual approach to enhance the research design. Ethical principles guided the study, including autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice. The study comprised two phases. Participants were selected through a stratified, clustered sampling technique. In the first phase, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire, and a knowledge and practices The participants were isiXhosa-speaking NMB residents older than 18 years of age. The second phase utilised the first-phase findings to develop an intervention programme. The intervention was implemented, and its efficacy was evaluated through post-intervention surveys, sensory evaluation, and a three-month telephonic follow-up. The findings indicated a significant decline in traditional food knowledge (TFK) and practices among the participants, with a marked shift towards Westernised diets. The primary factors driving this transition were urbanisation, economic constraints, and a lack of awareness about the nutritional benefits of traditional foods. The intervention programme, which included educational workshops and a sensory evaluation using indigenous crops, resulted in improved knowledge and practices regarding indigenous crops among the participants. Post-intervention data showed increased dietary diversity and a greater inclusion of traditional foods in daily diets. The study concluded that nutrition transition poses a significant challenge to the health and well-being of isiXhosa-speaking individuals in NMB. However, targeted interventions that promote traditional African diets can effectively address this issue. The study recommends that policymakers and public health practitioners incorporate culturally relevant and community-driven strategies to promote traditional food consumption. Future research should focus on the long-term impacts of such interventions and explore scalable models for broader implementation. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-12
A relevant intervention on nutrition transition among Isixhosa speaking people in Nelson Mandela Bay
- Authors: Fordjour Afriyie, Vera
- Date: 2024-12
- Subjects: Nutrition -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Nutrition -- Social aspects , Xhosa (African people) -- Nutrition
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69760 , vital:78026
- Description: The nutrition transition, characterised by a shift from traditional, nutrient-dense diets to Westernised, energy-dense, and nutrient-poor diets, has significant health implications globally. In South Africa (SA), particularly among the isiXhosa-speaking population in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB), this transition has led to the dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition, increasing the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity and diabetes. Despite the prevalence of this nutrition phenomenon, limited research has explored the perceptions of nutrition transition among South African communities, although there is literature about the transition itself. Most studies on the research subject were undertaken in Asian and European countries and America. Generally, studies regarding the nutrition transition emphasise the importance of early public health interventions to prevent the transition from reaching critical levels. This research study aimed to answer the question: How do isiXhosa-speaking people in NMB perceive nutritional transition, and what are their knowledge and practices concerning traditional foods? This study’s primary aim was to identify and evaluate the NMB isiXhosa-speaking population’s perceptions regarding nutrition transition and their knowledge and practices concerning traditional foods. Subsequently, the study aimed to develop and test an educational intervention to promote traditional African diets and mitigate the adverse effects of nutrition transition. The researcher employed a multi-method approach, encompassing quantitative and qualitative methods and an exploratory, descriptive, and contextual approach to enhance the research design. Ethical principles guided the study, including autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice. The study comprised two phases. Participants were selected through a stratified, clustered sampling technique. In the first phase, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire, and a knowledge and practices The participants were isiXhosa-speaking NMB residents older than 18 years of age. The second phase utilised the first-phase findings to develop an intervention programme. The intervention was implemented, and its efficacy was evaluated through post-intervention surveys, sensory evaluation, and a three-month telephonic follow-up. The findings indicated a significant decline in traditional food knowledge (TFK) and practices among the participants, with a marked shift towards Westernised diets. The primary factors driving this transition were urbanisation, economic constraints, and a lack of awareness about the nutritional benefits of traditional foods. The intervention programme, which included educational workshops and a sensory evaluation using indigenous crops, resulted in improved knowledge and practices regarding indigenous crops among the participants. Post-intervention data showed increased dietary diversity and a greater inclusion of traditional foods in daily diets. The study concluded that nutrition transition poses a significant challenge to the health and well-being of isiXhosa-speaking individuals in NMB. However, targeted interventions that promote traditional African diets can effectively address this issue. The study recommends that policymakers and public health practitioners incorporate culturally relevant and community-driven strategies to promote traditional food consumption. Future research should focus on the long-term impacts of such interventions and explore scalable models for broader implementation. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-12
Dietary diversity amongst adults who buy at shopping malls in the Nelson Mandela Bay area
- Authors: De Bruin, Eunice Mari
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Nutrition -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Older people -- Nutrition Diet Food security -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15027 , vital:28114
- Description: Background: Assessing the level of dietary diversity and contributing factors that influence the level of dietary diversity amongst adults can highlight gaps in nutrition interventions, policies and programmes, which aim at combating the double burden of malnutrition. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine which factors and relationships affect the level of dietary diversity of adults in the Nelson Mandela Bay area. Design: An exploratory comparative, cross-sectional, quantitative study design with a qualitative component that was utilised. Both interviewer- and participantadministered questionnaire sections were applied. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Statistica Version 12, Microsoft Office Excel 2007, Spearman rho correlation co-efficient and Pearson’s chi-square test (p-value <0.05). Participants and setting: A convenience-stratified sample (n=480) was used, consisting of adults who reside and shop at shopping centres in the Nelson Mandela area, after obtaining informed consent. Results: The findings indicated that adults in the Nelson Mandela Bay area who shopped at shopping malls had a medium level of dietary diversity. The dietary patterns found were not in line with the South African Food Based Dietary Guidelines. The most consumed food items were ‘cereals' (95%), 'sweetening agents and sweets' (89%) and ‘spices, condiments and beverages’ (87%). Fruit (45,2%) and vegetables (64,8%) were generally poorly consumed. Significance was shown as having an effect on the level of dietary diversity for factors such as ethnicity, level of education, amount of money spent on food purchase per month, distance travelled to purchase food, and nutrition knowledge. Conclusion: The study suggests that adults living in the Nelson Mandela Bay area have a medium level of dietary diversity, with practices that are not in line with the recommended South African Food Based Dietary Guidelines. Strategies, including nutrition education promotion and the implementation of current policies, programmes and interventions, should be implemented and/or strengthened to encourage behaviour change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: De Bruin, Eunice Mari
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Nutrition -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Older people -- Nutrition Diet Food security -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15027 , vital:28114
- Description: Background: Assessing the level of dietary diversity and contributing factors that influence the level of dietary diversity amongst adults can highlight gaps in nutrition interventions, policies and programmes, which aim at combating the double burden of malnutrition. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine which factors and relationships affect the level of dietary diversity of adults in the Nelson Mandela Bay area. Design: An exploratory comparative, cross-sectional, quantitative study design with a qualitative component that was utilised. Both interviewer- and participantadministered questionnaire sections were applied. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Statistica Version 12, Microsoft Office Excel 2007, Spearman rho correlation co-efficient and Pearson’s chi-square test (p-value <0.05). Participants and setting: A convenience-stratified sample (n=480) was used, consisting of adults who reside and shop at shopping centres in the Nelson Mandela area, after obtaining informed consent. Results: The findings indicated that adults in the Nelson Mandela Bay area who shopped at shopping malls had a medium level of dietary diversity. The dietary patterns found were not in line with the South African Food Based Dietary Guidelines. The most consumed food items were ‘cereals' (95%), 'sweetening agents and sweets' (89%) and ‘spices, condiments and beverages’ (87%). Fruit (45,2%) and vegetables (64,8%) were generally poorly consumed. Significance was shown as having an effect on the level of dietary diversity for factors such as ethnicity, level of education, amount of money spent on food purchase per month, distance travelled to purchase food, and nutrition knowledge. Conclusion: The study suggests that adults living in the Nelson Mandela Bay area have a medium level of dietary diversity, with practices that are not in line with the recommended South African Food Based Dietary Guidelines. Strategies, including nutrition education promotion and the implementation of current policies, programmes and interventions, should be implemented and/or strengthened to encourage behaviour change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
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