Transmission Dynamics and Public Health Impact of Clonal Composition and Mixed Strain M. tuberculosis Infections among Patients in Rural High TB Incidence Settings Of Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Faye, Lindiwe Modest
- Date: 2023-00
- Subjects: Medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9702 , vital:74615
- Description: Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Faye, Lindiwe Modest
- Date: 2023-00
- Subjects: Medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9702 , vital:74615
- Description: Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
Barriers to the provision of smoking cessation/services: A mixed-methods study among health care workers in Zambezi region, Namibia
- Mahoto, Slyvia K, Mitonga, Honore K, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju
- Authors: Mahoto, Slyvia K , Mitonga, Honore K , Oladimeji, Olanrewaju
- Date: 2022/4
- Subjects: Barriers , Zambezi region , Health care workers , Smoking cessation strategies , Cigarette smoking
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13210 , vital:78091 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2023.1992
- Description: Background. Healthcare workers (HCWs) can play a signifi cant role in tobacco prevention by delivering smoking cessation (SC) interventions to patients who smoke. Objective: To identify and explore the perceived barriers which prevent healthcare workers from delivering SC counselling to patients in Zambezi region, Namibia. Methods: A regional-based, concurrent mixed-methods study was conducted between March and October 2020 among HCWs of the 8 constituencies of Zambezi region, Namibia. In the study, 129 respondents, who had been residents of the selected constituencies for over 5 years and aged between 17 to 60 years, participated. Results: 129 respondents participated in the study. Majority of respondents were females (62.9% and 68.1%) compared to (37.1% and 31.9%) males. The mean age of respondents was 35.91 (SD=9.3) and 36.61 (SD=8.7) respectively and their ages ranged between 18 and 59 years. Key barriers were identified: (i) HCWs based barriers included lack of time to provide SC, inadequate training and insufficient knowledge on SC interventions; (ii) sys tem-based barriers identified lack of SC guidelines and educational materials for patients, and specialists to refer patients; and (iii) patient/client-based barriers included lack of patient interest in SC information, patients not adhering to advise given on SC. Conclusions: This study showed that SC delivery in Zambezi region is inadequate. Barriers were identified regarding the deliv ery of SC intervention for the first time. Targeted SC interventions are required to combat these identified specific barriers. There is a crucial need to improve HCWs skills and knowledge in providing SC intervention
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mahoto, Slyvia K , Mitonga, Honore K , Oladimeji, Olanrewaju
- Date: 2022/4
- Subjects: Barriers , Zambezi region , Health care workers , Smoking cessation strategies , Cigarette smoking
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13210 , vital:78091 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2023.1992
- Description: Background. Healthcare workers (HCWs) can play a signifi cant role in tobacco prevention by delivering smoking cessation (SC) interventions to patients who smoke. Objective: To identify and explore the perceived barriers which prevent healthcare workers from delivering SC counselling to patients in Zambezi region, Namibia. Methods: A regional-based, concurrent mixed-methods study was conducted between March and October 2020 among HCWs of the 8 constituencies of Zambezi region, Namibia. In the study, 129 respondents, who had been residents of the selected constituencies for over 5 years and aged between 17 to 60 years, participated. Results: 129 respondents participated in the study. Majority of respondents were females (62.9% and 68.1%) compared to (37.1% and 31.9%) males. The mean age of respondents was 35.91 (SD=9.3) and 36.61 (SD=8.7) respectively and their ages ranged between 18 and 59 years. Key barriers were identified: (i) HCWs based barriers included lack of time to provide SC, inadequate training and insufficient knowledge on SC interventions; (ii) sys tem-based barriers identified lack of SC guidelines and educational materials for patients, and specialists to refer patients; and (iii) patient/client-based barriers included lack of patient interest in SC information, patients not adhering to advise given on SC. Conclusions: This study showed that SC delivery in Zambezi region is inadequate. Barriers were identified regarding the deliv ery of SC intervention for the first time. Targeted SC interventions are required to combat these identified specific barriers. There is a crucial need to improve HCWs skills and knowledge in providing SC intervention
- Full Text:
Teacher's perspectives on the implementation of HIV/AIDS policy in OR Tambo Inland Education District: A case study of five selected schools
- Authors: Tebekana, Jongiwe
- Date: 2022-11
- Subjects: Teaching strategies
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10842 , vital:75288
- Description: This thesis explored teachers’ perspectives in implementing HIV/AIDS policy in the O. R. Tambo Inland Education District. HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest challenges in the world and is crippling almost every aspect of society (politically, socially, financially, and educationally). In the education sector, it affects teachers, learners, their families, and the communities at large. Governments everywhere, especially Education Ministries, developed policies to combat the pandemic. In South Africa, the National Policy on HIV/AIDS for learners and teachers for public schools and students in Further Education and Training Institutions was published in 1999. The Department of Education also developed guidelines for teachers, to assist them in managing HIV/AIDS issues in Public Schools. Theoretically, this study was informed by the implementation theory of Pressman and Wildavsky (1973) who view policy implementation as a procedure of collaboration between the establishments of objectives, and Elite/Mass theory which implore that the key people in authority, who are considered as the elite group, determine policy without considering its implementation on the ground. This is a qualitative case study based on interpretivism, which strives to comprehend how individuals in everyday settings construct meaning and explain the events of their world. Purposive sampling was employed to identify twelve rich informants (teachers) from five purposively selected primary schools. Data were collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and field notes. Findings reveal that teachers have insufficient knowledge about HIV/AIDS policy which they are expected to implement, they were insufficiently trained, lacked support, and encountered some barriers towards the implementation of HIV/AIDS policy. The study recommends that that professional in-service development programme should be developed by the Department of Basic Education (DBE) for all qualified Life Orientation (LO) teachers since HIV/AIDS is an aspect of the LO subject and DBE should increase school-based support visits by subject specialists to ensure that there is proper monitoring. It further recommends that policy formulators should engage the implementers in policy dissemination through meetings, newsletters, conferences, debates, circulars and networks like cluster and circuit networks to eradicate distortion of crucial policy information for implementation. It is further recommended based on the findings and informed by the two theoretical frameworks of Implementation and Elites/Mass theories, Tebekana Collaborative Policy Formulation, and Implementation model for the benefit of the schools is proposed. , Thesis (D.Ed) -- Faculty of Education Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Tebekana, Jongiwe
- Date: 2022-11
- Subjects: Teaching strategies
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10842 , vital:75288
- Description: This thesis explored teachers’ perspectives in implementing HIV/AIDS policy in the O. R. Tambo Inland Education District. HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest challenges in the world and is crippling almost every aspect of society (politically, socially, financially, and educationally). In the education sector, it affects teachers, learners, their families, and the communities at large. Governments everywhere, especially Education Ministries, developed policies to combat the pandemic. In South Africa, the National Policy on HIV/AIDS for learners and teachers for public schools and students in Further Education and Training Institutions was published in 1999. The Department of Education also developed guidelines for teachers, to assist them in managing HIV/AIDS issues in Public Schools. Theoretically, this study was informed by the implementation theory of Pressman and Wildavsky (1973) who view policy implementation as a procedure of collaboration between the establishments of objectives, and Elite/Mass theory which implore that the key people in authority, who are considered as the elite group, determine policy without considering its implementation on the ground. This is a qualitative case study based on interpretivism, which strives to comprehend how individuals in everyday settings construct meaning and explain the events of their world. Purposive sampling was employed to identify twelve rich informants (teachers) from five purposively selected primary schools. Data were collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and field notes. Findings reveal that teachers have insufficient knowledge about HIV/AIDS policy which they are expected to implement, they were insufficiently trained, lacked support, and encountered some barriers towards the implementation of HIV/AIDS policy. The study recommends that that professional in-service development programme should be developed by the Department of Basic Education (DBE) for all qualified Life Orientation (LO) teachers since HIV/AIDS is an aspect of the LO subject and DBE should increase school-based support visits by subject specialists to ensure that there is proper monitoring. It further recommends that policy formulators should engage the implementers in policy dissemination through meetings, newsletters, conferences, debates, circulars and networks like cluster and circuit networks to eradicate distortion of crucial policy information for implementation. It is further recommended based on the findings and informed by the two theoretical frameworks of Implementation and Elites/Mass theories, Tebekana Collaborative Policy Formulation, and Implementation model for the benefit of the schools is proposed. , Thesis (D.Ed) -- Faculty of Education Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
Limits of the Judiciary in the separation of powers in South Africa
- Authors: Qikani, Siphokazi
- Date: 2022-08
- Subjects: Judiciary and law
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9460 , vital:73539
- Description: The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 is the supreme law of the Republic and obligations imposed by it must be fulfilled. The laws of the country and government action draw their validity from the Constitution. The Constitution entrenches principles that ensure democratic processes which promote the objectives, spirit and purport of the Constitution. Separation of powers is one of such principles. Separation of powers is the doctrine that proposes division of power between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. The Constitution confers legislative power to parliament, executive power to the executive and judicial power to the courts. In the South African context of separation of powers, the role of each branch of government is not always clearly defined and sometimes gains perspective as courts interpret parliamentary legislations and executive policies. The Court’s role and limitations in the interpretation of laws often come under scrutiny and bring confusion as to what extent can courts intervene in matters purely left to other branches of government. The current study explores the meaning, implications and practical application of the doctrine of separation of powers by courts. The study pays particular attention to the role and the limits of the Judiciary within the context of separation of powers in South Africa, with the hope of bringing greater clarity of this doctrine to lawyers, academics, government officials and society at large. Keywords: constitutional supremacy, rule of law, separation of powers, legislature, executive, judiciary, judicial intervention. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Humanities Social Sciences and Law, 2022
- Full Text:
- Authors: Qikani, Siphokazi
- Date: 2022-08
- Subjects: Judiciary and law
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9460 , vital:73539
- Description: The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 is the supreme law of the Republic and obligations imposed by it must be fulfilled. The laws of the country and government action draw their validity from the Constitution. The Constitution entrenches principles that ensure democratic processes which promote the objectives, spirit and purport of the Constitution. Separation of powers is one of such principles. Separation of powers is the doctrine that proposes division of power between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. The Constitution confers legislative power to parliament, executive power to the executive and judicial power to the courts. In the South African context of separation of powers, the role of each branch of government is not always clearly defined and sometimes gains perspective as courts interpret parliamentary legislations and executive policies. The Court’s role and limitations in the interpretation of laws often come under scrutiny and bring confusion as to what extent can courts intervene in matters purely left to other branches of government. The current study explores the meaning, implications and practical application of the doctrine of separation of powers by courts. The study pays particular attention to the role and the limits of the Judiciary within the context of separation of powers in South Africa, with the hope of bringing greater clarity of this doctrine to lawyers, academics, government officials and society at large. Keywords: constitutional supremacy, rule of law, separation of powers, legislature, executive, judiciary, judicial intervention. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Humanities Social Sciences and Law, 2022
- Full Text:
The Right to a Speedy Trial for Crime Victims in South Africa
- Authors: Nomnganga, Pumza
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Speedy Trial
- Language: English
- Type: Master's/Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6802 , vital:49307
- Description: Delays in criminal proceedings have characterised South Africa’s criminal justice system. This claim is substantiated by cases that take too long to commence or to be finalised. This study notes that the delays in criminal proceedings result in secondary victimisation of crime victims. Thus, the study argues that alleged crime victims should have a right to speedy trial too. The study further submits that the Constitution is silent about the right to a speedy trial for crime victims in South Africa. This silence has raised a perception among crime victims and the society at large that the Constitution favors the accused person only when dealing with delays. The studies that zoom into the problem of the delays in criminal proceedings have been mostly based on the criminological point of view. Such a topic of scholarly inquiry has been barely investigated from a legal point of view. The study investigates the delays, causes and negative effect that the delayed trials have on crime victims as the background of the study in order to evaluate the realisation of the right to a speedy trial for crime victims in South Africa. The main objective of the study is to propose the realisation and implementation of the right to a speedy trial for crime victims in South Africa. The study submits that most researchers exclusively focused on the accused’s speedy trial right in criminal proceedings and did not tackle this angle, thus leaving a gap in the literature that the study intends to fill. The study submits that the implementation of this right will protect crime victims from undue delays. It will also promote equality in the criminal justice system and eradicate future undue delays in criminal proceedings. Keywords: Accused person, crime victims, speedy trial, the criminal justice system, Constitution, undue delays, and secondary victimisation. his study sought to evaluate factors affecting the quality of food provided by the school nutrition programme in Mthatha, OR Tambo Inland Education District. This was a qualitative study in the form of case study research design. Two (2) schools were conveniently selected and from these, 2 principals, 2 school nutrition coordinators, 4 food handlers and 10 learners were purposefully selected to form the sample. Thus, 18 participants were selected in total. Interviews were used to collect data. A review of literature demonstrated that the school nutrition programme was valuable and played an important role towards addressing some of challenges prevalent in South Africa due to the history of the country. The literature reviewed also highlighted challenges faced by the school nutrition programme despite its tremendous success. These are some of the findings: the school nutrition programme was successful towards improving learner punctuality and engaging in the classroom. This had the potential to improve learner health overall; however, it was observed that lack of training around food preparation and hygiene could reduce the effectiveness of the programme. The provision for appropriate storage facilities was also noted as an issue that placed the programme at risk. These are some of the recommendations: the government should provide appropriate training and proper storage facilities in schools with nutrition programme; this could contribute meaningfully towards improving the quality of food provided by the school nutrition programme. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, 2022
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nomnganga, Pumza
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Speedy Trial
- Language: English
- Type: Master's/Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6802 , vital:49307
- Description: Delays in criminal proceedings have characterised South Africa’s criminal justice system. This claim is substantiated by cases that take too long to commence or to be finalised. This study notes that the delays in criminal proceedings result in secondary victimisation of crime victims. Thus, the study argues that alleged crime victims should have a right to speedy trial too. The study further submits that the Constitution is silent about the right to a speedy trial for crime victims in South Africa. This silence has raised a perception among crime victims and the society at large that the Constitution favors the accused person only when dealing with delays. The studies that zoom into the problem of the delays in criminal proceedings have been mostly based on the criminological point of view. Such a topic of scholarly inquiry has been barely investigated from a legal point of view. The study investigates the delays, causes and negative effect that the delayed trials have on crime victims as the background of the study in order to evaluate the realisation of the right to a speedy trial for crime victims in South Africa. The main objective of the study is to propose the realisation and implementation of the right to a speedy trial for crime victims in South Africa. The study submits that most researchers exclusively focused on the accused’s speedy trial right in criminal proceedings and did not tackle this angle, thus leaving a gap in the literature that the study intends to fill. The study submits that the implementation of this right will protect crime victims from undue delays. It will also promote equality in the criminal justice system and eradicate future undue delays in criminal proceedings. Keywords: Accused person, crime victims, speedy trial, the criminal justice system, Constitution, undue delays, and secondary victimisation. his study sought to evaluate factors affecting the quality of food provided by the school nutrition programme in Mthatha, OR Tambo Inland Education District. This was a qualitative study in the form of case study research design. Two (2) schools were conveniently selected and from these, 2 principals, 2 school nutrition coordinators, 4 food handlers and 10 learners were purposefully selected to form the sample. Thus, 18 participants were selected in total. Interviews were used to collect data. A review of literature demonstrated that the school nutrition programme was valuable and played an important role towards addressing some of challenges prevalent in South Africa due to the history of the country. The literature reviewed also highlighted challenges faced by the school nutrition programme despite its tremendous success. These are some of the findings: the school nutrition programme was successful towards improving learner punctuality and engaging in the classroom. This had the potential to improve learner health overall; however, it was observed that lack of training around food preparation and hygiene could reduce the effectiveness of the programme. The provision for appropriate storage facilities was also noted as an issue that placed the programme at risk. These are some of the recommendations: the government should provide appropriate training and proper storage facilities in schools with nutrition programme; this could contribute meaningfully towards improving the quality of food provided by the school nutrition programme. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, 2022
- Full Text:
Artisanal mining versus sustainability of agricultural food supply chains: effects of the conflicts in Southern Zimbabwe
- Chari, Felix, Novukela, Cawe, Ngcamu , Bethuel Sibongiseni
- Authors: Chari, Felix , Novukela, Cawe , Ngcamu , Bethuel Sibongiseni
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Traditional farming Small Scale mining Great Zimbabwe Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7082 , vital:52810 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.2002542"
- Description: This article seeks to establish the social and environmental consequences of artisanal mining on economic sustainability of agricultural food supply chains in Zimbabwe. Following a descriptive research design, interviews were conducted with 36 farmers. Interviewees were purposively sampled from potential respondents in Southern Zimbabwe. Interview results were triangulated with data from published reports and newspaper articles. Data was analysed using NVivo application version 12 and presented in vignettes. The results of this study are useful to artisanal miners, farmers, and government. Recommendations for further studies are given. KEYWORDS: Artisanal mining farmers food supply chains Zimbabwe sustainability
- Full Text:
- Authors: Chari, Felix , Novukela, Cawe , Ngcamu , Bethuel Sibongiseni
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Traditional farming Small Scale mining Great Zimbabwe Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7082 , vital:52810 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.2002542"
- Description: This article seeks to establish the social and environmental consequences of artisanal mining on economic sustainability of agricultural food supply chains in Zimbabwe. Following a descriptive research design, interviews were conducted with 36 farmers. Interviewees were purposively sampled from potential respondents in Southern Zimbabwe. Interview results were triangulated with data from published reports and newspaper articles. Data was analysed using NVivo application version 12 and presented in vignettes. The results of this study are useful to artisanal miners, farmers, and government. Recommendations for further studies are given. KEYWORDS: Artisanal mining farmers food supply chains Zimbabwe sustainability
- Full Text:
Commercialization of Green Hydrogen Production from Kraal Manure in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: A review
- Authors: Ncanywa, T , Dyanti, N
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Renewable energy , PEMFC , Green hydrogen , Kraal manure , Commercialization
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13794 , vital:79020 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2022/v33i4a13116
- Description: Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement launched in 2011 contracts renewable energy producers to supplement the national electricity grid. No preferred bidders produce energy using hydrogen fuel cells, particularly Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), possibly due to technicalities associated with qualifying hydrogen and fuel cells as renewable. The study explores processes to be followed in South Africa to commercialize green hydrogen production for PEMFC from kraal manure. The paper employed an integrative literature review methodology. There are different stages in product commercialisation, such as developing a product, taking the product to markets, growth, and diffusion. The discussions indicate a huge amount of hydrogen that can be produced from kraal manure that is in abundance in the Eastern Cape. Commercialization of hydrogen production can address global economic goals such as waste management, fighting poverty, reducing unemployment and addressing energy challenges.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ncanywa, T , Dyanti, N
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Renewable energy , PEMFC , Green hydrogen , Kraal manure , Commercialization
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13794 , vital:79020 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2022/v33i4a13116
- Description: Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement launched in 2011 contracts renewable energy producers to supplement the national electricity grid. No preferred bidders produce energy using hydrogen fuel cells, particularly Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), possibly due to technicalities associated with qualifying hydrogen and fuel cells as renewable. The study explores processes to be followed in South Africa to commercialize green hydrogen production for PEMFC from kraal manure. The paper employed an integrative literature review methodology. There are different stages in product commercialisation, such as developing a product, taking the product to markets, growth, and diffusion. The discussions indicate a huge amount of hydrogen that can be produced from kraal manure that is in abundance in the Eastern Cape. Commercialization of hydrogen production can address global economic goals such as waste management, fighting poverty, reducing unemployment and addressing energy challenges.
- Full Text:
Effect of wood moisture content on the perfomance of wood burning cook stoves
- Bulcha, Gute Tucho, Habtamu, Fekadu Etefa, Vinodor, Kumar, Gelana, Amante Raba, Mulugeta, Tesema Efa, Francis, Birhau Dejene
- Authors: Bulcha, Gute Tucho , Habtamu, Fekadu Etefa , Vinodor, Kumar , Gelana, Amante Raba , Mulugeta, Tesema Efa , Francis, Birhau Dejene
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Cooking time , Cooking temperature , Stove efficiency , Wood moisture content
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13160 , vital:78004 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19397038.2022.2159568
- Description: Rural Ethiopian communities rely mostly on biomass fuels for subsistence and productive purposes. With an increasing population and dwindling forest resources, wood fuel consumption has exceeded its supply. Besides, people do not know ways of maximising biomass efficiency. The study involves the burning efficiencies of woods with varied moisture contents. Eucalyptus wood of five different moisture contents was used in five identical wood-burning stoves purposefully constructed for this purpose. Tests were con ducted over 5 days, thereby giving five replications. In the tests, food temperature, stove body temperature, and stove smoke outlet temperature measurements were conducted along with ambient air temperatures. Wood with 10% moisture content performs better during combustion with respect to low and high moisture content wood. High moisture content delayed the cooking onset and low moisture decreased the duration of effective cooking. The 50% moisture content or greater with respect to oven-dried wood failed to cook. Moisture content of around 30% delayed the time to reach cooking temperature by two and hence elongated the cooking time. There is also the extended smoke time as observed from the smoke outlet temperature.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bulcha, Gute Tucho , Habtamu, Fekadu Etefa , Vinodor, Kumar , Gelana, Amante Raba , Mulugeta, Tesema Efa , Francis, Birhau Dejene
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Cooking time , Cooking temperature , Stove efficiency , Wood moisture content
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13160 , vital:78004 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19397038.2022.2159568
- Description: Rural Ethiopian communities rely mostly on biomass fuels for subsistence and productive purposes. With an increasing population and dwindling forest resources, wood fuel consumption has exceeded its supply. Besides, people do not know ways of maximising biomass efficiency. The study involves the burning efficiencies of woods with varied moisture contents. Eucalyptus wood of five different moisture contents was used in five identical wood-burning stoves purposefully constructed for this purpose. Tests were con ducted over 5 days, thereby giving five replications. In the tests, food temperature, stove body temperature, and stove smoke outlet temperature measurements were conducted along with ambient air temperatures. Wood with 10% moisture content performs better during combustion with respect to low and high moisture content wood. High moisture content delayed the cooking onset and low moisture decreased the duration of effective cooking. The 50% moisture content or greater with respect to oven-dried wood failed to cook. Moisture content of around 30% delayed the time to reach cooking temperature by two and hence elongated the cooking time. There is also the extended smoke time as observed from the smoke outlet temperature.
- Full Text:
Evaluation of Salivary COVID-19 IGG Between Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Individuals in Mthatha
- Authors: Owusu, William
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: COVID-19 salivary IgG levels , Vaccine hesitancy , SARS-CoV-2 , Immunological advantages of vaccination , Mthatha
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13528 , vital:78943
- Description: As thousands of individuals around the world battle with life-threatening conditions in intensive care units, millions more are grappling with the enduring and debilitating effects of COVID-19. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, the prevalence of COVID-19 continues to rise, largely due to vaccine hesitancy, which remains a significant obstacle to achieving global immunity against the virus. Vaccine hesitancy stems from a lack of confidence in the safety, efficacy, and accessibility of vaccines, which increases COVID 19 mortality and morbidity rates. Understanding the immune response elicited by vaccination could provide critical insights into the benefits of immunisation and help address vaccine hesitancy. Therefore, this study aims to quantify and compare the salivary IgG levels in individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 with those who remain unvaccinated, highlighting the immunological advantage of vaccination. A case-control study design was used to conduct this study, using convenience sampling amongst 183 willing individuals aged 18 years and above from the town of Mthatha, O.R Tambo District, Eastern Cape. Participants were recruited from the Mthatha CBD, and their vaccination status was recorded and verified on the government website. Following aseptic protocols, saliva samples were collected in microcentrifuge tubes and stored in a cooler before transfer to the laboratory. The saliva samples were then analysed using the Bio-Plex Pro Human IgG SARS-CoV-2 assay kit, carefully following the instructions provided by the manufacturer… , Degree: M. Science (Physiological Sciences)
- Full Text:
- Authors: Owusu, William
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: COVID-19 salivary IgG levels , Vaccine hesitancy , SARS-CoV-2 , Immunological advantages of vaccination , Mthatha
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13528 , vital:78943
- Description: As thousands of individuals around the world battle with life-threatening conditions in intensive care units, millions more are grappling with the enduring and debilitating effects of COVID-19. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, the prevalence of COVID-19 continues to rise, largely due to vaccine hesitancy, which remains a significant obstacle to achieving global immunity against the virus. Vaccine hesitancy stems from a lack of confidence in the safety, efficacy, and accessibility of vaccines, which increases COVID 19 mortality and morbidity rates. Understanding the immune response elicited by vaccination could provide critical insights into the benefits of immunisation and help address vaccine hesitancy. Therefore, this study aims to quantify and compare the salivary IgG levels in individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 with those who remain unvaccinated, highlighting the immunological advantage of vaccination. A case-control study design was used to conduct this study, using convenience sampling amongst 183 willing individuals aged 18 years and above from the town of Mthatha, O.R Tambo District, Eastern Cape. Participants were recruited from the Mthatha CBD, and their vaccination status was recorded and verified on the government website. Following aseptic protocols, saliva samples were collected in microcentrifuge tubes and stored in a cooler before transfer to the laboratory. The saliva samples were then analysed using the Bio-Plex Pro Human IgG SARS-CoV-2 assay kit, carefully following the instructions provided by the manufacturer… , Degree: M. Science (Physiological Sciences)
- Full Text:
Information and Communication Technology in The Delivery of Accounting Lessons in Secondary Schools at OR Tambo District in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Seleke, Zikhona
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Information and Communication Technology , Accounting , OR Tambo District , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13344 , vital:78627
- Description: This study investigated the influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the delivery of Accounting lessons in secondary schools in OR Tambo Inland District. The literature contextualises the study by exploring the role of ICT, educator attitudes towards ICT, the effect of lack of ICT provision at schools, the importance of ICT to secondary school Accounting educators, discussion on various approaches to implementing digital education in the teaching and learning of Accounting at selected secondary schools. The study employs a mixed-method approach to define, describe, interpret, and understand the behaviour of the participants using ICT in the teaching and learning of Accounting in selected urban and rural schools in the OR Tambo Inland District…
- Full Text:
- Authors: Seleke, Zikhona
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Information and Communication Technology , Accounting , OR Tambo District , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13344 , vital:78627
- Description: This study investigated the influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the delivery of Accounting lessons in secondary schools in OR Tambo Inland District. The literature contextualises the study by exploring the role of ICT, educator attitudes towards ICT, the effect of lack of ICT provision at schools, the importance of ICT to secondary school Accounting educators, discussion on various approaches to implementing digital education in the teaching and learning of Accounting at selected secondary schools. The study employs a mixed-method approach to define, describe, interpret, and understand the behaviour of the participants using ICT in the teaching and learning of Accounting in selected urban and rural schools in the OR Tambo Inland District…
- Full Text:
Instructional Language Dichotomy on Foundation Phase Learning: A Case of University Student Teachers
- Makena, Bulelwa, Mpahla, Elliot Ntando
- Authors: Makena, Bulelwa , Mpahla, Elliot Ntando
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Language policy , Academic attainment , Curriculum , Medium of instruction , Home language
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/14211 , vital:79157 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n1p220
- Description: For proficiency in language learning, the prescribed medium of instruction for Foundation Phase (FP) learning becomes a prerequisite, as demarcated by South African policy on language learning. Nevertheless, student teachers while embarking on Teaching Practise (TP) find comfort at infusing the English medium when interacting with learners. In contradiction, English language learning is compromised as most subjects underpinning the FP curriculum are offered in home languages. This paradox of mixed opinions on policy, student teacher perspective hence their medium of learning is English language for all courses offered at university level, together with thesituation where students are expected to consider FP curriculum offering, really causes some inconsistency, leading to compromised English language proficiency as both student teachers and learners infuse IsiXhosa to a greater extent during the entire process. This paper therefore seeks to investigate whether home language teaching has any substantial influence towards enhancing English language as one of the subjects underpinning FP curriculum. A qualitative approach embedded in a case study design was administered on two purposefully identified university teachers as pioneers expected to conduct assessmentduring practise teaching. To collect data, semi structured interviews were conducted to understand better the underlying factors caused by instructional language contradiction in-between student teachers and learners. It emerged as major findings that (i)conflicting media of instruction (in university and in schools), (ii) home language dominance, and (iii) policy imperatives were challenging causes on the declining English proficiency in learners. This paper concludes and recommends that for sustained English language development, policies underpinning teaching and learning need to be re-defined as all subjects offered rely on efficient attainment of the language component, thereby leading to improved learner throughput rate.
- Full Text:
Instructional Language Dichotomy on Foundation Phase Learning: A Case of University Student Teachers
- Authors: Makena, Bulelwa , Mpahla, Elliot Ntando
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Language policy , Academic attainment , Curriculum , Medium of instruction , Home language
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/14211 , vital:79157 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n1p220
- Description: For proficiency in language learning, the prescribed medium of instruction for Foundation Phase (FP) learning becomes a prerequisite, as demarcated by South African policy on language learning. Nevertheless, student teachers while embarking on Teaching Practise (TP) find comfort at infusing the English medium when interacting with learners. In contradiction, English language learning is compromised as most subjects underpinning the FP curriculum are offered in home languages. This paradox of mixed opinions on policy, student teacher perspective hence their medium of learning is English language for all courses offered at university level, together with thesituation where students are expected to consider FP curriculum offering, really causes some inconsistency, leading to compromised English language proficiency as both student teachers and learners infuse IsiXhosa to a greater extent during the entire process. This paper therefore seeks to investigate whether home language teaching has any substantial influence towards enhancing English language as one of the subjects underpinning FP curriculum. A qualitative approach embedded in a case study design was administered on two purposefully identified university teachers as pioneers expected to conduct assessmentduring practise teaching. To collect data, semi structured interviews were conducted to understand better the underlying factors caused by instructional language contradiction in-between student teachers and learners. It emerged as major findings that (i)conflicting media of instruction (in university and in schools), (ii) home language dominance, and (iii) policy imperatives were challenging causes on the declining English proficiency in learners. This paper concludes and recommends that for sustained English language development, policies underpinning teaching and learning need to be re-defined as all subjects offered rely on efficient attainment of the language component, thereby leading to improved learner throughput rate.
- Full Text:
Maintaining Critical Road Infrastructure as a Catalytic Project in Mthatha: A Case Study of King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality
- Authors: Nongogo, Manyano
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Road infrastructure , Socio-econoic advancement , Policies , King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/14064 , vital:79078
- Description: This research focused on Mthatha, within the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality (KSDLM) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This study examined road infrastructure in Mthatha as a key project for socio-economic advancement, aligning with KSDLM's objectives and constitutional requirements. It explored policies governing essential road infrastructure projects and reviewed existing initiatives, frameworks, and regulations aimed at fostering economic growth within local municipalities. The literature review provided an extensive examination of concepts pertinent to the preservation of essential road infrastructure, alongside various ideas and research that underpin the study. It included an analysis of the regulations, policies, and frameworks that regulate road infrastructure. The review also explored South African road infrastructure and its historical context, focusing on the implications for social and economic development within local government. Furthermore, the management of road infrastructure was addressed from a policy-oriented viewpoint. The research selected a mixed-methods approach as its chosen methodology. It specifically concentrated on Ward 8 with the aim of assessing road quality, necessitating the collection of scientific evidence. To achieve this, interviews and online surveys utilizing questionnaires were carried out, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research components... , Degree: M. Public Administration
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nongogo, Manyano
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Road infrastructure , Socio-econoic advancement , Policies , King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Masters (Thesis)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/14064 , vital:79078
- Description: This research focused on Mthatha, within the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality (KSDLM) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This study examined road infrastructure in Mthatha as a key project for socio-economic advancement, aligning with KSDLM's objectives and constitutional requirements. It explored policies governing essential road infrastructure projects and reviewed existing initiatives, frameworks, and regulations aimed at fostering economic growth within local municipalities. The literature review provided an extensive examination of concepts pertinent to the preservation of essential road infrastructure, alongside various ideas and research that underpin the study. It included an analysis of the regulations, policies, and frameworks that regulate road infrastructure. The review also explored South African road infrastructure and its historical context, focusing on the implications for social and economic development within local government. Furthermore, the management of road infrastructure was addressed from a policy-oriented viewpoint. The research selected a mixed-methods approach as its chosen methodology. It specifically concentrated on Ward 8 with the aim of assessing road quality, necessitating the collection of scientific evidence. To achieve this, interviews and online surveys utilizing questionnaires were carried out, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research components... , Degree: M. Public Administration
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Technology Adoption Readiness in Disadvantaged Universities during COVID 19 Pandemic in South Africa
- Aruleba, Kehinde., Jere, Nobert., Matarirano, Obert.
- Authors: Aruleba, Kehinde. , Jere, Nobert. , Matarirano, Obert.
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Covid 19 Readiness for school Web-based instruction Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6544 , vital:46489 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v11n2p172"
- Description: The Covid 19 pandemic has affected hundreds of million lives and taken over four million lives to date. As a result, governments and policymakers see the need for emergency action to reduce the spread of the virus. In an attempt to contain the virus, governments and policymakers worldwide introduced a different range of prote ction measures and interventions to change their citizen's behaviours , primarily through social distancing, interprovince lockdown, stay at home strategies, and quarantines. The different lockdown measures have created unique and challenging conditions wit h no documented equivalent in the education sector. A significant effect was that many Higher Education institutions worldwide were not ready to switch to online teaching and learning when the governments announced the sudden lockdown. This study discusses the effect s of the Covid 19 pandemic on South Africa Higher Education Institution s , focusing on the historically disadvantaged universities. The study went further to evaluate the readiness of lecturers from selected disadvantaged universities to adopting online teaching and learning by applying the Technology Readiness Acceptance Model (TRAM). Quantitative data was collected through an online questionnaire. Results show that the higher the average of optimism and innovativeness among the respondents' poin t towards the readiness of adopting technology. On the other hand, higher the average insecurity and discomfort show the uneasiness of adopting technologies by the respondents.
- Full Text:
Technology Adoption Readiness in Disadvantaged Universities during COVID 19 Pandemic in South Africa
- Authors: Aruleba, Kehinde. , Jere, Nobert. , Matarirano, Obert.
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Covid 19 Readiness for school Web-based instruction Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6544 , vital:46489 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v11n2p172"
- Description: The Covid 19 pandemic has affected hundreds of million lives and taken over four million lives to date. As a result, governments and policymakers see the need for emergency action to reduce the spread of the virus. In an attempt to contain the virus, governments and policymakers worldwide introduced a different range of prote ction measures and interventions to change their citizen's behaviours , primarily through social distancing, interprovince lockdown, stay at home strategies, and quarantines. The different lockdown measures have created unique and challenging conditions wit h no documented equivalent in the education sector. A significant effect was that many Higher Education institutions worldwide were not ready to switch to online teaching and learning when the governments announced the sudden lockdown. This study discusses the effect s of the Covid 19 pandemic on South Africa Higher Education Institution s , focusing on the historically disadvantaged universities. The study went further to evaluate the readiness of lecturers from selected disadvantaged universities to adopting online teaching and learning by applying the Technology Readiness Acceptance Model (TRAM). Quantitative data was collected through an online questionnaire. Results show that the higher the average of optimism and innovativeness among the respondents' poin t towards the readiness of adopting technology. On the other hand, higher the average insecurity and discomfort show the uneasiness of adopting technologies by the respondents.
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Workaholism and Work-Family Enrichment: The Role of Work-Life Balance Strategies
- Ganiyu, Olayiwola Idris, Genty Ishola Kabiru
- Authors: Ganiyu, Olayiwola Idris , Genty Ishola Kabiru
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Workaholism , Work-Life balance strategies , Work-Life enrichment , Work overload
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/14154 , vital:79146 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i11.743
- Description: Organisational competitiveness and the changing structure of work have brought the issue of workaholism to the front burner in academic discourse. This study investigated the role of work-life balance strategies on the interplay between workaholism and work-family enrichment. A purposive sampling technique was found appropriate to select top management of two manufacturing firms in Lagos, Nigeria to participate in this study. An in-depth interview was employed for data collection. NVivo 12 software was adopted for thematic analysis. Content analysis was used to interpret the interview texts. The finding revealed that the work-life balance strategies of the firms surveyed were not appropriate in addressing the effect of workaholism. The managerial relevance of the study is derived from the outcome of the analysed qualitative data.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ganiyu, Olayiwola Idris , Genty Ishola Kabiru
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: Workaholism , Work-Life balance strategies , Work-Life enrichment , Work overload
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/14154 , vital:79146 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i11.743
- Description: Organisational competitiveness and the changing structure of work have brought the issue of workaholism to the front burner in academic discourse. This study investigated the role of work-life balance strategies on the interplay between workaholism and work-family enrichment. A purposive sampling technique was found appropriate to select top management of two manufacturing firms in Lagos, Nigeria to participate in this study. An in-depth interview was employed for data collection. NVivo 12 software was adopted for thematic analysis. Content analysis was used to interpret the interview texts. The finding revealed that the work-life balance strategies of the firms surveyed were not appropriate in addressing the effect of workaholism. The managerial relevance of the study is derived from the outcome of the analysed qualitative data.
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An evaluation of the mechanical, engineering and retails service and training authority staff development project at an Eastern Cape University
- Authors: Masha, Anthony Nkambi
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Evaluation and Training
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10691 , vital:75213
- Description: Higher Education (HE) has undergone significant changes in recent decades, necessitating the adaptation of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to focus on teaching, supporting, and academically developing academic staff. In Africa, some HEIs have requested their staff to obtain certain postgraduate qualifications, as research achievements lead to academic promotion. The MerSETA Staff Development Project was established to train lecturers in the Engineering Department to upgrade their qualifications to the doctorate level and to increase their research skills. This study aimed to evaluate the project's success using project management methodology. A mixed methods approach was used, with a qualitative and quantitative phase. Data was collected through focus group interviews (FGIs) and closed-ended questionnaires. A purposive sampling technique was used in the qualitative phase, while census sampling was used in the quantitative phase. Qualitative data analysis was primarily inductive, with interpretive data analysis techniques (IPA) used to discuss findings with existing literature. Statistical techniques were used in the quantitative phase, with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) tested. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the features and summaries of the study's sample or data set. Regression analysis was used to test the research hypotheses and establish the relationship between variables under investigation. The study employed appropriate Cronbach alpha formulae to determine a co-efficient above 0.70. The results of this study indicate that the MerSETA Project successfully developed its beneficiaries academically at Walter Sisulu University. However, there are limitations to the study, such as the cross-sectional study design, which cannot reflect changes in variables over time. Further research is required to study the relationships between variables over time using a longitudinal study design. The MerSETA Project demonstrated the importance of understanding project life cycles, knowledge areas, and monitoring and evaluation techniques in managing projects like the MerSETA Project. To enhance causality, further research is needed to study relationships between variables over time using a longitudinal study design. The MerSETA Project, a successful project, requires an understanding of the project life cycle, management knowledge areas, and monitoring and evaluation techniques. The study's findings concluded that the project was a success. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Authors: Masha, Anthony Nkambi
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Evaluation and Training
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10691 , vital:75213
- Description: Higher Education (HE) has undergone significant changes in recent decades, necessitating the adaptation of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to focus on teaching, supporting, and academically developing academic staff. In Africa, some HEIs have requested their staff to obtain certain postgraduate qualifications, as research achievements lead to academic promotion. The MerSETA Staff Development Project was established to train lecturers in the Engineering Department to upgrade their qualifications to the doctorate level and to increase their research skills. This study aimed to evaluate the project's success using project management methodology. A mixed methods approach was used, with a qualitative and quantitative phase. Data was collected through focus group interviews (FGIs) and closed-ended questionnaires. A purposive sampling technique was used in the qualitative phase, while census sampling was used in the quantitative phase. Qualitative data analysis was primarily inductive, with interpretive data analysis techniques (IPA) used to discuss findings with existing literature. Statistical techniques were used in the quantitative phase, with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) tested. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the features and summaries of the study's sample or data set. Regression analysis was used to test the research hypotheses and establish the relationship between variables under investigation. The study employed appropriate Cronbach alpha formulae to determine a co-efficient above 0.70. The results of this study indicate that the MerSETA Project successfully developed its beneficiaries academically at Walter Sisulu University. However, there are limitations to the study, such as the cross-sectional study design, which cannot reflect changes in variables over time. Further research is required to study the relationships between variables over time using a longitudinal study design. The MerSETA Project demonstrated the importance of understanding project life cycles, knowledge areas, and monitoring and evaluation techniques in managing projects like the MerSETA Project. To enhance causality, further research is needed to study relationships between variables over time using a longitudinal study design. The MerSETA Project, a successful project, requires an understanding of the project life cycle, management knowledge areas, and monitoring and evaluation techniques. The study's findings concluded that the project was a success. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Education, 2022
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Are CardioVascular Diseases a Cause For Concern in People of African Ancestry?
- Nkeh-Chungag, Benedicta Ngwenchi
- Authors: Nkeh-Chungag, Benedicta Ngwenchi
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Cardiovascular system--Diseases--Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Inaugural Lecture , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/8030 , vital:59356
- Description: Professor Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag’s BIO Professor Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag is a Full Professor of Physiology and Dean of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University. Professor Nkeh-Chungag is an NRF rated researcher, a scholar of the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD), a Fellow of the International Hypertension Society, Deputy President and co-founder of the newly established Childhood Hypertension Consortium of South Africa, Deputy Chairperson of the South African National Committee for International Union for Physiological Sciences (ICSU-IUPS), Chairperson of the Cardiometabolic Research Niche Area – WSU and Chairperson of the Animal Research Ethic Committee. She oversees the Carrier Orientation and International Mentoring Program run by Harness Ideas Association (HIDAS).Professor Nkeh-Chungag has published extensively in the of cardiovascular research covering epidemiology and African medicinal plants. She has served as an Associate Editor for the journal Frontiers in Public Health and is on the editorial board of two journals, Bioinformatics and Clinical Interventions in Aging. She is a member of several knowledge bodies including the International Hypertension Society.As an accomplished and passionate scholar, Professor Nkeh-Chungag enjoys both national and international recognition in her field of research. Her focus on the risk for cardiovascular diseases in children of African ancestry has attracted interest and funding from both national and international organizations. Her research findings have been showcased at many scientific fora including as keynote addresses. Professor Nkeh-Chungag is married to Dr Anye Chungag and they are blessed with four boys. , Inaugural Lecture (Prefessorial) -- Faculty of Natural Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nkeh-Chungag, Benedicta Ngwenchi
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Cardiovascular system--Diseases--Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Inaugural Lecture , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/8030 , vital:59356
- Description: Professor Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag’s BIO Professor Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag is a Full Professor of Physiology and Dean of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University. Professor Nkeh-Chungag is an NRF rated researcher, a scholar of the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD), a Fellow of the International Hypertension Society, Deputy President and co-founder of the newly established Childhood Hypertension Consortium of South Africa, Deputy Chairperson of the South African National Committee for International Union for Physiological Sciences (ICSU-IUPS), Chairperson of the Cardiometabolic Research Niche Area – WSU and Chairperson of the Animal Research Ethic Committee. She oversees the Carrier Orientation and International Mentoring Program run by Harness Ideas Association (HIDAS).Professor Nkeh-Chungag has published extensively in the of cardiovascular research covering epidemiology and African medicinal plants. She has served as an Associate Editor for the journal Frontiers in Public Health and is on the editorial board of two journals, Bioinformatics and Clinical Interventions in Aging. She is a member of several knowledge bodies including the International Hypertension Society.As an accomplished and passionate scholar, Professor Nkeh-Chungag enjoys both national and international recognition in her field of research. Her focus on the risk for cardiovascular diseases in children of African ancestry has attracted interest and funding from both national and international organizations. Her research findings have been showcased at many scientific fora including as keynote addresses. Professor Nkeh-Chungag is married to Dr Anye Chungag and they are blessed with four boys. , Inaugural Lecture (Prefessorial) -- Faculty of Natural Sciences, 2022
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Chalenges of accessing tertiary health care services in Africa, in the OR Tambo District: A case study of Canzibe Hospital
- Authors: Qaqa, Ayabulela Lilian
- Date: 2022-00
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10964 , vital:75670
- Description: Accessing Tertiary health care by distant rural patients is still by far the most difficult and stressful process and results in health problems for the rural community. The lack of research on this topic of scholarly inquiry in rural areas remains a cause for concern. This qualitative study examines the obstacles that Canzibe residents face when trying to get primary medical treatment in tertiary hospitals in the O.R. Tambo District. This study is exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative by design. Research participants for this study comprised both of females and males who attend or are seen at Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Hospital, in the O.R Tambo District for ongoing treatment and reviews. A non-probability sampling method was used and a purposive sampling technique was used to select ten participants for this study. The researcher interviewed participants regarding their challenges in accessing tertiary health care services in the O.R Tambo District. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data, and an open-ended interview schedule was used as a guide. The interview schedule focused on the experiences of patients in accessing tertiary healthcare services. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis, which is a process whereby data is transcribed and translated to English. After the transcription, codes were created and arranged together into themes, and used to derive a meaning. The researcher adhered to all the ethical principles, while conducting the study. The study's results were also explored in relation to South African patient experiences with tertiary healthcare services. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Authors: Qaqa, Ayabulela Lilian
- Date: 2022-00
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10964 , vital:75670
- Description: Accessing Tertiary health care by distant rural patients is still by far the most difficult and stressful process and results in health problems for the rural community. The lack of research on this topic of scholarly inquiry in rural areas remains a cause for concern. This qualitative study examines the obstacles that Canzibe residents face when trying to get primary medical treatment in tertiary hospitals in the O.R. Tambo District. This study is exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative by design. Research participants for this study comprised both of females and males who attend or are seen at Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Hospital, in the O.R Tambo District for ongoing treatment and reviews. A non-probability sampling method was used and a purposive sampling technique was used to select ten participants for this study. The researcher interviewed participants regarding their challenges in accessing tertiary health care services in the O.R Tambo District. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data, and an open-ended interview schedule was used as a guide. The interview schedule focused on the experiences of patients in accessing tertiary healthcare services. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis, which is a process whereby data is transcribed and translated to English. After the transcription, codes were created and arranged together into themes, and used to derive a meaning. The researcher adhered to all the ethical principles, while conducting the study. The study's results were also explored in relation to South African patient experiences with tertiary healthcare services. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2022
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Chalenges of implimenting South African school administration and management system at Junior Secondary Schools in circuit 16, OR Thambo Coastal District
- Authors: Nkwanca, Loyiso Collis
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Evaluation and Training
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10779 , vital:75220
- Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges of implementing South African School Administration and Management System at Junior Secondary Schools in Circuit 16 in OR Tambo Coastal District. Literature review looked mainly at aspects of challenges resulting from policy issues guiding the implementation of SASAMS, challenge of ICT and SA-SAMS training, other challenges that influence implementation of SASAMS in circuit 16, OR Tambo District. The study was qualitative in nature and employed case study research design. Convenient sampling was used to select two junior secondary schools in Circuit 16 in Port St. Johns Circuit Management Centre (CMC) in OR Tambo Coastal Education District. The principal, one (1) educator, one (1) school clerk were purposively selected from each school and this made a total of six (6) participants. Face-to-face individual semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data about the views and opinions of the participants. Data were analysed using the interpretational analytical strategies. Themes were drawn from the responses of the participants. The major findings were: School personnel lack the ICT skills for them to be able to operate SASAMS for administration and management; there is a lack of connection network for the school personnel to provide data promptly to the Department of Education; school personnel had not received appropriate training on using SASAMS for administration and management; the use of SASAMS is not guided by clearly spelt out policies and guidelines in all the school that were visited; participants unanimously agreed that SASAMS could be a user-friendly system only if all personnel were to get thorough training; due to lack training and knowledge for other personnel, at times especially when school clerks are not at work submissions are not done promptly; the school personnel have no expertise when there is break down of computers or the system crushes, they have to travel long distances to try and find help; when it is time to enter marks for learners, it is impossible for teacher to connect at the same time, only about four laptops can connect at a time and the Department of Education delays to install the latest patch. It is recommended that: SASAMS be incorporated in Teacher Education programmes in Universities and training colleges; there should be enough ICT and SASAMS technicians on standby for any technical error that might occur in schools; school principals, teachers and administrative clerks need to be equipped with training in ICT and SASAMS; there is a need for Department of Basic Education to ensure that each school has Wi-Fi connection so that all computers in the school are connected to the main-server at the same time; the DBE should consider formulating guiding policies where, for example, schools are allowed to factor in a certain percentage in enrolment increase, as it creates a good foundation for data falsification by unscrupulous officials. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Education, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nkwanca, Loyiso Collis
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Evaluation and Training
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10779 , vital:75220
- Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges of implementing South African School Administration and Management System at Junior Secondary Schools in Circuit 16 in OR Tambo Coastal District. Literature review looked mainly at aspects of challenges resulting from policy issues guiding the implementation of SASAMS, challenge of ICT and SA-SAMS training, other challenges that influence implementation of SASAMS in circuit 16, OR Tambo District. The study was qualitative in nature and employed case study research design. Convenient sampling was used to select two junior secondary schools in Circuit 16 in Port St. Johns Circuit Management Centre (CMC) in OR Tambo Coastal Education District. The principal, one (1) educator, one (1) school clerk were purposively selected from each school and this made a total of six (6) participants. Face-to-face individual semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data about the views and opinions of the participants. Data were analysed using the interpretational analytical strategies. Themes were drawn from the responses of the participants. The major findings were: School personnel lack the ICT skills for them to be able to operate SASAMS for administration and management; there is a lack of connection network for the school personnel to provide data promptly to the Department of Education; school personnel had not received appropriate training on using SASAMS for administration and management; the use of SASAMS is not guided by clearly spelt out policies and guidelines in all the school that were visited; participants unanimously agreed that SASAMS could be a user-friendly system only if all personnel were to get thorough training; due to lack training and knowledge for other personnel, at times especially when school clerks are not at work submissions are not done promptly; the school personnel have no expertise when there is break down of computers or the system crushes, they have to travel long distances to try and find help; when it is time to enter marks for learners, it is impossible for teacher to connect at the same time, only about four laptops can connect at a time and the Department of Education delays to install the latest patch. It is recommended that: SASAMS be incorporated in Teacher Education programmes in Universities and training colleges; there should be enough ICT and SASAMS technicians on standby for any technical error that might occur in schools; school principals, teachers and administrative clerks need to be equipped with training in ICT and SASAMS; there is a need for Department of Basic Education to ensure that each school has Wi-Fi connection so that all computers in the school are connected to the main-server at the same time; the DBE should consider formulating guiding policies where, for example, schools are allowed to factor in a certain percentage in enrolment increase, as it creates a good foundation for data falsification by unscrupulous officials. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Education, 2024
- Full Text:
Factors leading to Complications following Traditional Male Circumcision among Initiates reporting at Mthatha Regional Hospital, South Africa
- Authors: Zokwe, Mendi Prince
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9923 , vital:74643
- Description: Traditional male circumcision, a prestigious practice, and pathway to a sense of belonging and manhood among AmaXhosa has left unforgettable pains in the same society that admires it. The pains are due to the irreversible aftermaths such as death and loss of the penis that often accompanies it. Anecdotal evidence suggests that an increasing number of AmaXhosa males though still prefer TMC, only partakes in the cultural lessons at the initiation schools then go for medical male circumcision. But, who is to be blamed? The news reports of the deaths following traditional male circumcision (TMC) are heard and the fears for sure are real. This study was carried out to provide evidence-based knowledge on the prevalence of complications following TMC and factors that lead to such complications. Aim: To find out the types of complications and medical outcomes following TMC among initiates reporting at Mthatha Regional Hospital. Method: A retrospective study design was used. The study population included 23 initiates who sought medical intervention at Mthatha Regional Hospital from June to December 2018. The variables of interest were collected from the admission records and analysed. Results: The mean age of participants was 18.5 years (standard deviation = 1.4 years). The majority (65.2%) of the participants were in the age group 18-21 year, were circumcised in summer (52.2%), waited for 10-20 days before seeking medical intervention (47.8%), and were admitted in the male surgical ward (69.6%). xiv The mean and standard deviation of length of hospital stay was 22.2±20.3 days. During hospitalisation, antibiotics were given to 33.3% and wound dressing to 60.5%. Other medico-surgical interventions wee rehydration therapy (28.1%), analgesics (26.3%), penile reconstruction with a skin graft (23.7%), re-circumcised (5.3%) or had a dorsal slit (5.3%). Grade 3 septic circumcision was the most prevalent (43.5%) among the initiates and 26.1% had Grade 4 septic circumcision. The three main factors leading to TMC-related complications were wound sepsis (32.4%), dehydration (21.1%), and septic shock (12.7%). No variables were associated with TMC complications in the study population. Most (78.3%) of them were treated and discharged. Two (8.7%) participants died, one from septic shock and the other from severe dehydration. Though 82.6% were alive with no deformity at discharge, 4.8% had an artificial penis and another 4.8 percent loss of the penis. Conclusion: Complications following TMC are real. Severe septic complications were common following TMC. There is a need to explore how to transform the harmful aspects of the initiation ritual while promoting the positive ones. There is a need to also determine possible ways of interaction and partnership between traditional leadership and the Department of Health. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Authors: Zokwe, Mendi Prince
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9923 , vital:74643
- Description: Traditional male circumcision, a prestigious practice, and pathway to a sense of belonging and manhood among AmaXhosa has left unforgettable pains in the same society that admires it. The pains are due to the irreversible aftermaths such as death and loss of the penis that often accompanies it. Anecdotal evidence suggests that an increasing number of AmaXhosa males though still prefer TMC, only partakes in the cultural lessons at the initiation schools then go for medical male circumcision. But, who is to be blamed? The news reports of the deaths following traditional male circumcision (TMC) are heard and the fears for sure are real. This study was carried out to provide evidence-based knowledge on the prevalence of complications following TMC and factors that lead to such complications. Aim: To find out the types of complications and medical outcomes following TMC among initiates reporting at Mthatha Regional Hospital. Method: A retrospective study design was used. The study population included 23 initiates who sought medical intervention at Mthatha Regional Hospital from June to December 2018. The variables of interest were collected from the admission records and analysed. Results: The mean age of participants was 18.5 years (standard deviation = 1.4 years). The majority (65.2%) of the participants were in the age group 18-21 year, were circumcised in summer (52.2%), waited for 10-20 days before seeking medical intervention (47.8%), and were admitted in the male surgical ward (69.6%). xiv The mean and standard deviation of length of hospital stay was 22.2±20.3 days. During hospitalisation, antibiotics were given to 33.3% and wound dressing to 60.5%. Other medico-surgical interventions wee rehydration therapy (28.1%), analgesics (26.3%), penile reconstruction with a skin graft (23.7%), re-circumcised (5.3%) or had a dorsal slit (5.3%). Grade 3 septic circumcision was the most prevalent (43.5%) among the initiates and 26.1% had Grade 4 septic circumcision. The three main factors leading to TMC-related complications were wound sepsis (32.4%), dehydration (21.1%), and septic shock (12.7%). No variables were associated with TMC complications in the study population. Most (78.3%) of them were treated and discharged. Two (8.7%) participants died, one from septic shock and the other from severe dehydration. Though 82.6% were alive with no deformity at discharge, 4.8% had an artificial penis and another 4.8 percent loss of the penis. Conclusion: Complications following TMC are real. Severe septic complications were common following TMC. There is a need to explore how to transform the harmful aspects of the initiation ritual while promoting the positive ones. There is a need to also determine possible ways of interaction and partnership between traditional leadership and the Department of Health. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2022
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Health Expenditure and Economic Performance in Selected Southern African Development Community (SADC) Countries
- Authors: Qoko, Alungile
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Expenditure and economic performance
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10235 , vital:74951
- Description: The study examined the relationship between health expenditure and economic performance in 14 Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries using annual panel data for the period of 15 years (2005-2019). Economic performance was the dependent variable with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita used as the proxy for economic performance. The other determinants of economic performance used in this study include labour force participation rate, institutional quality, and trade openness. All variables were examined logged to eliminate possibility of outliers. To test for stationarity of the series, the study employed two panel unit root tests which are the Levin, Lien and Chu (2002) commonly known as LLC, and also Im, Pesaran and Shin (2003) popularly known as IPS. The finding revealed that the series were integrated of different orders including I(0) and I(1) but not I(2). To test for a long-run relationship, Pedroni and Kao panel cointegration tests were carried out. The findings revealed there was cointegration. Based on these findings, panel auto regressive sistributed lag (ARDL), using Pooled Mean Group analysis as the best estimator for the model, was chosen to test for both long-run and short-run relationships. The empirical findings showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between health expenditure and economic performance in the 14 selected SADC countries. Governments in the SADC region should enact and enforce laws that deal with leakages in the health sector to ensure that health expenditure improves economic performance. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economics and Finacial Sciences, 2022
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- Authors: Qoko, Alungile
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Expenditure and economic performance
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10235 , vital:74951
- Description: The study examined the relationship between health expenditure and economic performance in 14 Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries using annual panel data for the period of 15 years (2005-2019). Economic performance was the dependent variable with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita used as the proxy for economic performance. The other determinants of economic performance used in this study include labour force participation rate, institutional quality, and trade openness. All variables were examined logged to eliminate possibility of outliers. To test for stationarity of the series, the study employed two panel unit root tests which are the Levin, Lien and Chu (2002) commonly known as LLC, and also Im, Pesaran and Shin (2003) popularly known as IPS. The finding revealed that the series were integrated of different orders including I(0) and I(1) but not I(2). To test for a long-run relationship, Pedroni and Kao panel cointegration tests were carried out. The findings revealed there was cointegration. Based on these findings, panel auto regressive sistributed lag (ARDL), using Pooled Mean Group analysis as the best estimator for the model, was chosen to test for both long-run and short-run relationships. The empirical findings showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between health expenditure and economic performance in the 14 selected SADC countries. Governments in the SADC region should enact and enforce laws that deal with leakages in the health sector to ensure that health expenditure improves economic performance. , Thesis (Masters) -- Faculty of Economics and Finacial Sciences, 2022
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